乌克兰干散货出口暴跌77.8%  

Dry bulk exports from Ukraine have dropped 77.8%

作　　者：徐亦宁(译) 

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《中国远洋海运》2023年第3期62-62,11,共2页Maritime China

摘　　要：乌克兰海运出口仅限于农产品。截至2023年2月24日,乌克兰的干散货出口量与去年同期相比下降了77.8%,导致全球干散货海运量下降。乌克兰素有“欧洲粮仓”之称,俄罗斯也是全球重要的粮食出口国,俄、乌小麦出口量合计约占全球小麦贸易量的30%。俄乌战争爆发前的一年,乌克兰出口了7000多万吨的粮食(包含油料作物),创下历史纪录。俄乌冲突爆发后,粮食供给与运输都受到影响。On Friday,24 February,one year will have passed since Russia’s war with Ukraine.During that year,dry bulk exports from Ukraine have dropped 77.8%compared to the same period a year earlier,causing a decline in global dry bulk volumes.Seaborne exports have been restricted to agricultural goods and even those have been limited.Ukraine's seaports were under a blockade from the start of the war until the end of July 2022 when the Black Sea Grain deal was signed.Since then,agricultural exports were allowed to resume from three ports in the Odesa region which accounted for 72.8%of Ukraine’s bulk exports in 2021.The deal is valid until mid-March 2023 and could soon be renegotiated.Ukraine remains key to assuring the global supply of maize and wheat.Without a rebound in Ukraine’s exports,the USDA estimates it could take over four years for global maize exports to return to pre-war levels,while global wheat supplies could grow slower than the historical average.

关 键 词：粮食供给 战争爆发 油料作物 干散货 农产品 乌克兰 历史纪录 海运量 

分 类 号：F55[经济管理—产业经济]