北宋书序的体制转变与文体学价值  

The Change in the Norm for the Prefaces to Books in the Northern Song Dynasty and its Stylistic Significance

作　　者：王佳[1] 党圣元 WANG Jia;DANG Shengyuan(School of Arts,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China;Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710119 [2]陕西师范大学人文社会科学高等研究院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第2期94-104,共11页Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国古代文体观念文献整理与研究”(16ZDA236)。

摘　　要：书序是一种传统应用文体,定型于秦汉,以叙书为主、叙人为辅,以叙带议,满足导读功能。在北宋士大夫高扬的文人精神下书序文转换了焦点,知人论文、重德叙理,形成了议论主导体式和意理化抒情。在“体用”之学新观念的引导下,宋序融合德业与文,改革了唐序人书分离的三段论模式。随着书序体衍化,原初的著述序更新为多元文体集序,在文法上汲取古文笔法、融合骈散句式,使书序由依附主文本的说明文字转变为融合众理、独具风格的成体之文。以诗文集序为代表,主于论理而忽略书旨,接近了“破体”的边缘。北宋书序的体制转变蕴含着深刻的文体创新规律,极具借鉴价值。Established in the Qin and Han dynasties,the prefaces to books are under the category of the traditional practical writing,which focus on the critical interpretation of the books interspersed with some comments on the persons involved,with the function of guiding reading.Under the influence of the spirit of the literati advocated by the scholar-officials in the North Song dynasty,the prefaces to books experienced a transformation from the previous focus to the comments on both the writers and their works with a focus on virtues and arguments,a style of argumentative writing and lyrical expression.Under the guidance of the new"ontology-function"theory,the prefaces to books in the Song dynasty integrated virtues and achievements into the writing,changed the model of syllogism of the Tang dynasty.The change in the style of the prefaces to books led to a shift from the focus on the book under discussion to that of the multi-stylistic one,with the absorption of the writing style in ancient times and the integration of the traditional parallel prose and the new one,which made the style of the prefaces to books focusing on the books under discussion to one with a typical style integrating different arguments.The prefaces to the collection of poetry and prose were the representative in this period and focused mainly on arguments rather than the works under discussion,almost close to"style-less",which embodied thought-provoking new laws for innovating writing styles with much reference value.

关 键 词：北宋书序 体制 体式 文法 文体创新 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]