国内锂离子电池正负极材料现状与展望  

Present Situation and Prospect of Positive and Negative Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries in China

作　　者：王爱国 陈政华 WANG Aiguo;CHEN Zhenghua(Zhejiang Jinju Chemical Co.Ltd.;Zhejiang Juhua Jianan Petrochemical Engineering Co.LTD.:Quzhou,Zhejiang 324004)

机构地区：[1]浙江晋巨化工有限公司 [2]浙江巨化检安石化工程有限公司,浙江衢州324004

出　　处：《化工生产与技术》2023年第1期10-12,28,I0002,I0003,共6页Chemical Production and Technology

摘　　要：介绍了锂离子电池材料现状与展望,正极与负极材料的分类及其制备方法,研制成功并得到应用的正极材料主要有钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、锰酸锂和三元材料(镍钴锰酸锂、镍钴铝酸锂)等。目前国内主流的锂电池正极材料主要是磷酸铁锂和三元材料2种。负极可分为碳材料和非碳材料2大类,碳材料包括人造石墨、天然石墨、中间相碳微球和硬碳软碳等,非碳材料包括硅基材料、锡基材料和钛酸锂等。未来正负极材料朝着高安全性、高能量密度和低成本方向发展;负极材料受能量密度以及高倍率放电的要求,中间相碳微球、钛酸锂以及硅基负荷材料等高端负极材料有可能成为发展趋势。The current situation and prospect of lithium ion battery materials,the classification and preparation methods of cathode and anode materials are introduced.The cathode materials successfully developed and applied mainly include lithium cobalt oxide,lithium iron phosphate,lithium manganese oxide and ternary materials(nickel cobalt manganese oxide,nickel cobalt aluminum oxide).At present,the mainstream lithium battery cathode materials in China are mainly lithium iron phosphate and ternary materials.The anode materials can be divided into two categories:carbon materials and non-carbon materials.Carbon materials include artificial graphite,natural graphite,mesocarbon microbeads and hard carbon soft carbon.Non-carbon materials include silicon-based materials,tin-based materials and lithium titanate.In the future,positive and negative electrode materials will develop towards high safety,high energy density and low cost.Anode materials are required by energy density and high rate discharge.High-end anode materials such as mesocarbon microspheres,lithium titanate and silicon-based load materials may become the development trend.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 正负极材料 现状 展望 磷酸铁锂 

分 类 号：TQ131.11[化学工程—无机化工]