中美俄欧在欧亚地区的差异化竞合及其影响  

Differentiated Competition and Cooperation between China,the US,Russia and the EU in Eurasia and Its Impact

作　　者：顾炜[1,2] Gu Wei

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院国际问题研究所 [2]上海社会科学院欧亚研究室

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2023年第2期37-59,共23页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

基　　金：2022年度上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题“俄乌冲突后的美欧俄博弈及对中国的影响研究”(项目批准号:2022BGJ001)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：目前中美俄及欧盟之间的竞争与合作在地区和全球两个层次展开,并在不同地区呈现差别。这种差异化竞合对整个国际格局构成联动性影响。从区位、距离和杠杆等三个要素考察,欧亚地区对中美俄欧四方具有差别化价值,俄罗斯最为重视欧亚地区。地区价值的不同,导致四方在战略目标、发展思路、次地区重点、路径方式等方面存在差异。中俄秉持整体性思路,欧盟结合整体与部分,美国则有意推动地区分割。俄罗斯普遍投入,中国更重视中亚,美欧加强在东欧的竞争。在发展地区机制的同时,俄罗斯偏好军事手段,中国借助经济优势,美国专注重点国家,欧盟擅长规范领域。四方的差异化竞合对欧亚地区秩序造成多重影响,持续改变地区权力结构,强化地区制度竞争,加剧地区分化和碎片化,也扩展了外部合作空间。中国仍应以保持地区稳定作为核心目标,使欧亚地区秩序朝着更加有利于中国的方向发展。Currently,the competition and cooperation between China,the US,Russia and the EU are carried out both at the regional and global levels and show different characteristics in specific regions.This differentiated competition and cooperation has a linkage impact on the entire international structure.From the perspective of location,distance,and leverage,Eurasia has differentiated value for China,the US,Russia and the EU,among which Russia attaches the most importance to this region.The differences in regional values have led to differences among the four parties in terms of strategic goals,development ideas,sub-regional priorities,and path mode.China and Russia adhere to a holistic approach,the EU's strategy combines the whole region and individual countries,and the US intends to promote regional division.Russia attaches importance to the whole region,China is paying more attention to Central Asia,and the US and EU are strengthening their influence in Eastern Europe.While developing regional mechanisms,Russia prefers military means,China relies on economic advantages,the US focuses on key countries,and the EU is good at regulating fields.The differentiated competition and cooperation of the four parties has had multiple impacts on the the regional order,continuously changing the regional power structure,strengthening regional institutional competition,exacerbating regional differentiation and fragmentation,and expanding the space for external cooperation.China should still take regional stability as its core goal,and make the development of the Eurasian regional order more beneficial to China.

关 键 词：中美俄欧关系 差异化竞合 欧亚地区 地区秩序 地区价值 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]