钝缀锦蛤海区中培筐式养殖及马氏珠母贝吊养养殖防风浪模式分析  

Analysis on the wave prevention model of basket type nursery culture of Tapes dorsatus in the sea area

作　　者：杨凌 曾尚伟 韦朝民 裴琨 YANG Ling;ZENG Shangwei;WEI Chaomin;PEI Kun(Fangchenggang Fishery Technology Promotion Station,Fangchenggang Guangxi 538021,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning Guangxi 530004,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Regulation of Guangxi Universites,Nanning Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]防城港市渔业技术推广站,广西防城港538021 [2]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004 [3]广西高校水生生物健康养殖与营养调控重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《渔业信息与战略》2023年第1期52-59,共8页Fishery Information & Strategy

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA19254032)。

摘　　要：为解决钝缀锦蛤海区中培筐被海浪冲翻、毁损的问题,保障中培钝缀锦蛤的综合效益,在养殖海滩进行了“筐式中培钝缀锦蛤+吊养马氏珠母贝”防风浪养殖模式的试验,分析钝缀锦蛤和马氏珠母贝生长情况、经济效益以及海滩筐式养殖模式的防风浪效果等。结果表明,试验期间,海滩0~20 cm深的底质受波浪的影响有变动,变化剧烈程度为砾>粉砂质黏土>细砂>粗砂>中砂;防浪格内的钝缀锦蛤中培筐无掀翻、移位的现象;吊挂的缆绳和马氏珠母贝笼存在下垂、变形,甚至坠地情况,风浪过后,没有发现有缠笼现象。防浪格内外钝缀锦蛤的壳长、壳宽和平均体质量无显著差异,但防浪格内存活率显著高于格外(P<0.05)。防浪格对马氏珠母贝的生长存活率影响较小,防浪格上和防浪格外马氏珠母贝的各生长指标和存活参数无显著性差异。使用面积150 m^(2)海滩,采用“筐式中培钝缀锦蛤+吊养马氏珠母贝”防浪模式进行养殖作业,2个月获利润3260.93元,效益可观。试验结果表明该养殖模式可行,可供从业者参考。In order to solve the problem that the baskets are overturned and damaged by sea waves in the beach basket-type nursery culture,and to guarantee the comprehensive benefits of nursery culture of Tapes dorsatus.This study carried out the experiment of wind and wave-proof farming mode of“basket-type nursery culture of T.dorsatus+lifting of Pinctada martensii”in pearl culture beach to analyze the growth conditions,economic benefits,wind and wave protection effects of the beach-basket-type farming mode of T.dorsatus.The results showed that during the experiment period,the beach bottom soil of 0-20 cm depth changed under the influence of waves,and the degree of change was as follows:gravel>silty clay>fine sand>coarse sand>medium sand.The nursery culture baskets of T.dorsatus in the wave-proof grid did not tip over or shift,and the hanging cables and cages of P.martensii fell,deformed,or even fell to the ground,but no tangled cages were found after the wind and waves.There was no significant difference in the shell length,shell width and average body mass between the inside and outside of the wave-proof grid,but the survival rate in the wave-proof grid was significantly higher than that in the outside(P<0.05).The wave-proof grid had little effect on the growth and survival of P.martensii,and there was no significant difference between the growth indicators and survival parameters of P.martensii on and outside of the wave-proof grid.The wave-proof mode of“basket-type nursery culture of T.dorsatus+lifting of P.martensii”with an area of 150 m^(2) beach was adopted to gain a profit of 3260.93 yuan in 2 months,with considerable benefits.The experimental results showed that the mode was feasible and could be used as reference for practitioners.

关 键 词：钝缀锦蛤 马氏珠母贝 海区中培 防浪模式 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]