小麦过氧化氢酶基因家族的鉴定及其在逆境胁迫下的表达模式分析  

Genome-wide identification of the catalase gene family in wheat and analysis of their expression patterns under adversity stress

作　　者：马东方[1,2] 杨艳[1] 胡义锋 尹良武 MA Dongfang;YANG Yan;HU Yifeng;YIN Liangwu(Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland,Ministry of Education/Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry(Yangtze University),Jingzhou 434025,Hubei;Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Central China,Ministry of Agriculture/Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases,Insect Pests and Weeds Control/Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程中心,主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心(长江大学),湖北荆州43402 [2]农业部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室,湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期96-106,129,共12页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“长江流域冬小麦化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD0200506);国家自然科学基金项目“小麦农家品种白大头成株抗条锈基因YrBai的精细定位”(31501620)。

摘　　要：植物过氧化氢酶(catalase)基因(CAT)在分解过氧化氢以及应对各种环境胁迫中发挥着重要作用。为了进一步了解过氧化氢酶基因家族成员的功能,利用生物信息学方法从普通六倍体小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)中鉴定到10个过氧化氢酶基因(TaCATs),对其系统发育关系、蛋白质特征、染色体分布、基因结构、顺式元件和转录组进行了初步分析。采用qRT-PCR技术分析了小麦CAT基因在激素类胁迫、干旱胁迫和盐胁迫等胁迫下的的表达模式,并采用马铃薯晚疫病致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)对瞬时过表达的TaCAT3和TaCAT4烟草叶片进行抗疫霉侵染能力分析。结果表明,激素类顺式元件中数量最多的是参与脱落酸反应的顺式元件,其中TaCAT4所包含的顺式作用元件中参与激素类反应的元件最多。转录组数据表明,在小麦的不同生长发育时期、生物胁迫和非生物胁迫中,TaCATs在生物胁迫下的表达水平要高于其他2类,其中TaCAT4在白粉菌和禾谷镰刀菌胁迫下的表达量均高于对照。qRT-PCR结果表明,TaCATs在激素类胁迫中的表达量最高,其次是PEG胁迫。其中TaCAT8在ABA胁迫下2 h的表达量为0 h的250倍以上,TaCAT6在PEG胁迫下72 h的表达量接近0 h的40倍。疫霉侵染结果表明,经过瞬时过表达的TaCAT3和TaCAT4的叶片病变面积明显小于对照组。这些结果表明外界胁迫可以提高小麦CAT基因的表达,通过减少过氧化氢的过度积累来减少逆境胁迫对植物造成的危害,从而提高植物的抗逆境胁迫能力,进一步充分证明了TaCATs在小麦抵御非生物和生物胁迫中起着重要作用。Catalase genes in plants play an important role in decomposing hydrogen peroxide and coping with various environmental stresses.To further understand the function of catalase(CAT)gene family members,10 catalase genes(TaCATs)from common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)using bioinformatics methods were identified,and their phylogenetic relationships,protein characteristics,chromosome distribution,gene structure,cis-elements and transcriptome were preliminarily analyzed.The expression patterns of CAT genes in wheat under hormone stress,drought stress and salt stress were analyzed by qRT-PCR.The resistance of TaCAT3 and TaCAT4 Nicotiana benthamiana leaves to infestation by Phytophthora infestans was analyzed.The results show that the largest number of cis-elements involved in abscisic acid reaction is found,and TaCAT4 contains the largest number of cis-elements involved in the reaction.Transcriptome data show that the expression level of TaCATs under biological stress is higher than that of the other two types in different growth and development stages of wheat,and the expression level of TaCAT4 under the stress of Powdery mildew and Fusarium graminis is higher than that of the control.The qRT-PCR results show that the expression of TaCATs is the highest under hormone stress,followed by PEG stress.The expression of TaCAT8 under ABA stress for 2 h is more than 250 times that of 0 h,and TaCAT6 under PEG stress for 72 h is nearly 40 times that of 0 h.The results of Phytophthora infestans infection show that the lesion area of leaves transiently overexpressing TaCAT3 and TaCAT4 is significantly smaller than that of the control group.These results suggest that exogenous stress can enhance the expression of CAT genes in wheat,and reduce the damage caused by stress to plants by reducing the excessive accumulation of hydrogen peroxide(H 2O 2),thus improving the ability of plants to resist stress.These results further fully prove that TaCATs plays an important role in wheat resistance to abiotic and biological stress.

关 键 词：小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) 过氧化氢酶基因(CAT) 生物信息学 QRT-PCR 生物胁迫与非生物胁迫 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学] Q945.78