蜗壳的3D打印砂型铸造成形模拟及工艺研究  

Simulation and Process Research of Volute Sand Mold Casting with 3D Printing

作　　者：傅兴达 樊湘芳[1] 王超 田文靖 陈宗福 Fu Xingda;Fan Xiangfang;Wang Chao;Tian Wenjing;Chen Zongfu(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;Hunan Tyen Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;School of Automotive Engineering,Guangxi Vocational and Technical College of Communications,Nanning 530023,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学机械工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]湖南天雁机械有限公司,湖南衡阳421001 [3]广西交通职业技术学院汽车工程学院,南宁530023

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第3期126-130,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：衡阳市产学研合作计划项目(编号:2019KC11)。

摘　　要：蜗壳铸件复杂,使用传统砂铸方法难以成形,蜗壳顶部存在补缩不足的铸造缺陷。为此提出3D打印的组芯方案。利用Solidworks软件对蜗壳进行三维数字化建模,结合ProCAST模拟分析,对蜗壳铸件工艺方案进行优化,然后利用3D打印设备打印出砂芯,经X射线探伤验证,得到无缺陷的铸件。分析认为,原六角星底注式浇注的设计方案存在冒口较小,保温效果差的缺陷,导致顶部区域补缩不足,最终蜗壳铸件顶部具有明显缺陷。优化方式为改为顶注式浇注,浇口杯和冒口一体设计,使得顶部区域保温效果好,补缩足够,同时减轻了砂芯重量,加强了铸件尺寸精度和强度。通过结合3D打印和传统砂型铸造成型技术,有效简化了铸造操作过程,降低了生产难度,提高了成品精度和强度,符合企业砂铸的经济效益。研究成果有助于推动涡轮增压器蜗壳铸件工艺的研究。The volute casting is complex,and it is difficult to form with traditional sand casting method.There is a casting defect of insufficient shrinkage at the top of the volute.Therefore,an assembly scheme for 3D printing is proposed.Solidworks software is used to carry out 3D digital modeling of the volute,and ProCAST simulation analysis is used to optimize the process plan of the volute casting.Then the sand core is printed by 3D printing equipment,and the defect-free casting is obtained after X-ray flaw detection verification.The analysis shows that the design scheme of the original hexagonal star bottom pouring has the defects of small riser and poor thermal insulation effect,resulting in insufficient shrinkage of the top area,and the final volute casting has obvious defects on the top.The optimization method is changed to toppouring,and the pouring cup and riser are designed as a whole,so that the heat preservation effect of the top area is good,the shrinkage is sufficient,the weight of the sand core is reduced,and the dimensional accuracy and strength of the casting are strengthened.The combination of 3D printing and traditional sand casting molding technology effectively simplifies the casting operation process,reduces the production difficulty,improves the precision and strength of the finished products,and conforms to the economic benefits of enterprise sand casting.The research results are helpful to promote the research of turbocharger volute casting technology.

关 键 词：蜗壳 ProCAST数值模拟 砂型铸造 3D打印 

分 类 号：TG24[金属学及工艺—铸造]