电线电缆护套和绝缘机械性能试验过程控制与影响因素分析  

Process Control and Influencing Factors Analysis of Mechanical Property Test of Wire and Cable Sheath and Insulation

作　　者：王志辉 赵迪 黄万里 欧阳湘璋 刘杰 Wang Zhihui;Zhao Di;Huang Wanli;Ouyang Xiangzhang;Liu Jie(Guangzhou Nanyang Cable Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511356,China)

机构地区：[1]广州南洋电缆集团有限公司,广州511356

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第3期308-312,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：电线电缆绝缘和护套机械性能试验是电线电缆检验中最常见的项目之一,在试验过程中,许多因素会对试验结果产生影响。针对电线电缆绝缘和护套机械性能试验过程中的试件类型选择、样品制备、拉力试验等环节中的影响因素进行分析,并通过数据对比,提出了对应的改进措施。选择试件类型时,应注意样品的结构,大尺寸试样(截面6 mm^(2)以上)应选用哑铃试件,小尺寸试样(截面6 mm^(2)以下)若无隔离层结构、内壁光滑选用管状试件和哑铃试件均可,如存在难以除去的隔离层时应选用哑铃试件(如尺寸较小可选用小哑铃试件);在制备样品时,根据试件类型采用适当的制样方法,消除电缆其他元器件对材料性能的影响;拉力试验时,应注意试件夹持方式,根据样品材料选择合适的拉伸速度和测量方法。通过对以上环节中的细节进行改进,确保试验结果的准确性和有效性。The mechanical property test of wire and cable insulation and sheath is one of the most common items in wire and cable inspection.During the test,many factors will affect the test results.The influencing factors in the selection of test piece type,sample preparation,tensile test and other links during the mechanical property test of wire and cable insulation and sheath were analyzed,and the corresponding improvement measures were put forward through data comparison.When selecting the type of test piece,attention should be paid to the structure of the sample.Dumbbell test pieces should be selected for large size samples(section of more than 6 mm^(2)).Tubular test pieces and dumbbell test pieces could be selected for small size samples(section of less than 6 mm^(2))if there no isolation layer structure and the inner wall was smooth.Dumbbell test pieces should be selected if there was an isolation layer that was difficult to remove(small dumbbell test pieces could be selected if the size was small).When preparing samples,appropriate sample preparation methods should be adopted according to the type of test pieces to eliminate the influence of other components of cables on material properties.During the tensile test,attention should be paid to the clamping method of the test piece,and the appropriate tensile speed and measurement method should be selected according to the sample material,so as to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the test results.

关 键 词：绝缘材料 护套材料 机械性能 管状试样 哑铃试样 

分 类 号：TM24[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]