智障女性婚姻困境的发生学解释  

An Embryology Explanation of Marriage Dilemma of Women with Intellectual Disabilities

作　　者：李勇 LI Yong

机构地区：[1]贵州大学法学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《残疾人研究》2023年第1期47-56,共10页Disability Research

基　　金：中国残联研究课题“残障女性的权利困境及应对”(22&ZZ009)。

摘　　要：智障女性因女性身份和智力障碍,容易成为拐卖妇女犯罪的被害人。拐卖是促成智障女性和农村单身男性次级婚姻搭配的原因之一。一方面,因不符合妻子的传统预设,智障女性很难以常规化的方式结婚,但她们对性、亲密关系及婚姻支助和庇护的渴求并未因智障而削减,由此形成拐卖智障女性犯罪发生的内在驱动力。另一方面,随着男女比例失衡,农村单身男性婚姻性别挤压问题凸显,加上梯度挤压的作用,一些男性将面临结婚的困难,出于传宗接代、性、养老等需求的指引,他们对婚姻亦有强烈的渴求。在内外力交互作用下,拐卖智障女性给农村单身男性为妻的情况则可能出现。在依此形成的异化婚姻中,智障女性的人身自由将会受限,更容易为生育目的所牵制,而且面临不利的生存环境。为应对之,需要从改变消极观念、完善管护制度、调整刑法相关规定着手,以减少拐卖智障女性犯罪的发生。Due to female identity and intellectual disability,women with intellectual disabilities are easy to become victim of crime of abducting and trafficking women.The crime of abducting and trafficking is one of the reasons for secondary marriage collocation of women with intellectual disabilities and single men in rural areas.On the one hand,because of failing to conform to traditional assumptions of wives,it is difficult for women with intellectual disabilities to get married in a conventional way.But their thirst for sex,intimacy,and marital support and asylum is not reduced by intellectual disability,which forms the internal force of the crime of abducting and trafficking women with intellectual disabilities.On the other hand,with the imbalance of male and female ratio comes the prominent problem of marriage gender squeeze of single men in rural areas,coupled with the role of gradient squeeze,some men have more difficulties in getting married.Out of the guidance of needs of inheritance,sex,pension and so on,they have a strong desire for marriage.Under the interaction of internal and external forces,the abducting and trafficking of women with intellectual disabilities to single men in rural areas as wives may occur.In the alienated marriage formed by this reason,the freedom of women with intellectual disabilities will be restricted,more likely to be checked for reproductive purposes,and face adverse living environment.In order to deal with this,it is necessary to start from changing negative concepts,improving the management and care system,and adjusting the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law to reduce the incidence of crime of abducting and trafficking women with intellectual disabilities.

关 键 词：结婚困境 婚姻渴望 婚姻挤压 拐卖 智障女性 

分 类 号：G212.2[文化科学—新闻学]