不同水分、糖蜜添加对姬菇菌糠发酵品质及消化率的影响  

Effects of different moisture levels and molasses addition on fertilization quality and dry matter digestibility of Agaricus blazei murill substance

作　　者：吕仁龙 程诚 张雨书 李茂[1] 夏万良[1] 周汉林[3] LYU Renlong;CHENG Cheng;ZHANG Yushu;LI Mao;XIA Wanliang;ZHOU Hanlin(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan Province 571101,China;Chinese academy of tropical agricultural sciences proving ground,Danzhou,Hainan Province 571737,China;Zhanjiang Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang,Guangdong Province 524013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口571101 [2]中国热带农业科学院试验场,海南儋州571737 [3]中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站,广东湛江524013

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第7期103-108,共6页China Feed

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才专项(322RC774);2022年中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630032022014)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同水分和糖蜜添加对姬菇菌糠发酵品质和干物质消化率的影响。菌糠采用单独发酵,调节水分含量分别65%(T1)、70%(T2)和75%(T3),同时做无添加处理(Control)和2%糖蜜添加处理(M)。真空密闭发酵60 d。发酵后分析营养成分、发酵品质,并做体外消化试验,分析干物质消化率和瘤胃发酵参数。试验结果表明:发酵菌糠的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和中性洗涤纤维含量分别为5%、0.96%和64%。随水分升高,pH有降低趋势(P<0.05),乳酸含量显著升高(P<0.05)。糖蜜可以显著提升发酵菌糠中的乳酸含量,约提升20%(P<0.05),并显著降低挥发性氨态氮含量(P<0.001)。经过体外培养后,高水分发酵菌糠的产气量显著偏高(P<0.05),但干物质消化率没有受到水分的影响(P>0.05)。糖蜜添加处理的发酵菌糠显著提升了产气和约9%的干物质消化率(P<0.05),没有影响培养液的氨态氮浓度(P>0.05)。综上,姬菇菌糠具有作为反刍动物粗饲料资源利用价值。在发酵过程中,适当添加糖蜜,并且发酵环境的水分控制在75%为最佳。The aim of the study was to explore the effects of Agaricus blazei murill substance with different moisture levels and molasses addition on its fertilization quality and dry matter digestibility.The Agaricus blazei murill substance was fermented separately and the moisture levels were prepared as following:65%(T1),70%(T2)and 75%(T3),meanwhile,the Agaricus blazei murill substance was treated with control and 2%molasses addition(M),respectively.After sealed for 60 days,the nutrient content and fermentation quality of the samples were analyzed and then incubated by in vitro for the determination of dry matter digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters.The results showed that the contents of crude protein,ether extract,neutral detergent fiber in fermented Agaricus blazei murill substance were about 5%,0.96%and 64%,respectively.As the moisture level increased,the pH decreased(P<0.05)and lactic acid content increased significantly(P<0.05).Molasses addition could increase the lactic acid content by about 20%(P<0.05)and decrease volatile ammonia nitrogen content significantly(P<0.001).After in vitro incubation,the fermented Agaricus blazei murill substance with higher moisture level could produce higher gas(P<0.05),however,the dry matter digestibility was not affected(P<0.05).In addition,The fermented Agaricus blazeimurill substance with molasses addition could increase the gas production and 9%of dry matter digestibility significantly and did not affect culture fluid and volatile ammonia nitrogen concentration(P>0.05).In summary,Agaricus blazei murill substance had the feasibility to be used as roughage resource for ruminants.Therefore,adding moderate molasses and controlling the moisture at 75%were the optimal conditions for the fermentation of Agaricus blazei murill substance.

关 键 词：姬菇菌糠 发酵 消化 体外培养 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]