水轮机顶盖部分螺栓破坏对剩余螺栓强度影响研究  

A Study on the Influence of Damages of Partial Bolts on the Strength of the Remaining Bolts of Hydraulic Turbine Top Cover

作　　者：王勇飞 刘育 李世强 WANG Yongfei;LIU Yu;LI Shiqiang(CHN ENERGY Dadu River Big Data Service Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;School of Water Resources and Hydropower,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]国能大渡河大数据服务有限公司,四川成都610041 [2]西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《电网与清洁能源》2023年第3期126-130,共5页Power System and Clean Energy

基　　金：四川省重点研发项目(20ZDYF0458)。

摘　　要：水轮机组关键螺栓的安全状态对机组的稳定运行具有重要作用。针对水轮机顶盖关键螺栓破坏而易导致重大事故的问题,基于ANSYS有限元软件,建立了某轴流式水轮机组座环顶盖及螺栓的三维有限元分析模型,计算了顶盖螺栓全部完好时的的工作性能,考虑部分螺栓松动或断裂,分析剩余螺栓的承载重新分配情况和受力性能,并分析研究了螺栓松动或断裂数量、断裂位置分布对应力的影响。结果表明:部分螺栓失效后,由于受力和承载的偏心及不对称,剩余螺栓的应力值显著升高;螺栓发生松动破坏时,剩余螺栓的最大应力小于螺栓发生断裂破坏时的应力;螺栓发生破坏的数量越多,剩余螺栓承受的应力越大,当8根螺栓发生集中断裂时,剩余螺栓最大应力增幅为13%,达到材料屈服强度的76%,存在极大安全运行隐患。The safe state of key bolts of hydraulic turbine unit plays an important role in the stable operation.This paper establishes a three-dimensional model of the socket ring,top cover and bolts of a axial flow turbine turbine unit based on the ANSYS finite element software aiming at the major accident caused by the damage of key bolts.Analyze the bolts strength when all bolts work well.Analyze the strength and load redistribution of other remaining bolts after some bolts are loose and broken.The influence of bolts loose or broken and fracture location to the stress are reaserched.The results show that after some bolts are failure,the maximum stress of the remaining bolts will increase due to the bias and asymmetry of stress and bearing.When some bolts are loosened and damaged,the maximum stress of the remaining bolts should be less than that when the bolt is broken and damaged;the more bolts are damaged,the greater the stress the remaining bolts bear.When 8 bolts are broken,the maximum stress of the remaining bolts increases by 13%,reaching 76%of the yield strength of the material,thus there is a great hidden danger of safe operation.

关 键 词：水轮机 顶盖螺栓 松动破坏 断裂破坏 强度分析 

分 类 号：TK733.3[交通运输工程—轮机工程]