微生物菌剂调节春季小龙虾养殖期稻田水质的田间试验  

A Field Experiment:Effects of Microbial Agents on Regulation of Water Quality in a Rice-Crayfish Farming Field in Spring

作　　者：张丁月 杨亚珍[3] 方明棵 朱建强[1] ZHANG Dingyue;YANG Yazhen;FANG Mingke;ZHU Jianqiang(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences inCoastal Region,Yancheng 224002,China;College of Life Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所,江苏盐城224002 [3]长江大学生命科学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2023年第1期95-100,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：湖北省生态循环农业创新体系项目(2018skjcx01);湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金重点课题(KFT201904)。

摘　　要：2019年春夏季在湖北省荆州市太湖农场长江大学稻虾种养基地(30°24’49"N,111°59’55"E)随机选取3个分设进、排水口的660 m^(2)相同种养单元进行了田间试验。养殖沟(环沟)占地180 m^(2),进水口底部高于田面30 cm,排水口底部低于田面80 cm。4月6日开始,在养殖期设置3个处理:(1)施有机肥(OF),剂量为150kg/hm^(2)/10d;(2)有机肥(等量)配施自制芽孢杆菌(OF+YB),剂量为30 L/hm^(2)/10d;(3)有机肥(等量)配施自制光合细菌(OF+GH),剂量为30 L/hm^(2)/10d,4月19日投放小龙虾(Procambarus clarkii)苗,密度为375 kg/hm^(2),研究芽孢杆菌与光合细菌对养虾稻田水质的调节作用。结果表明:在春季小龙虾养殖期以有机肥为底肥,配施光合细菌可有效改善水质,在养殖中后期可显著降低水体氨氮与亚硝态氮浓度;与单施有机肥相比,有机肥与芽孢杆菌和光合细菌配施均可提高小龙虾体质量24%和36%,有机肥与光合细菌配施可显著提高小龙虾体长以及捕捞量。Crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)juveniles were reared in 3 rice-crayfish culture units of an area of 660 m^(2) with a ring ditch,the 30 cm higher bottom of the water inlet than the field surface, and the 80 cm lower bottom of the drain than the field surface at a density of 375 kg/hm^(2) at the Yangtze University Rice and Crayfish Farming Base(30°24’49 "N, 111°59’55" E)at Taihu Farm, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province in the spring of 2019. Starting from April 6, 3 treatments were set up during the breeding period:(1)apply organic fertilizer(OF) at a dosage of 150 kg/hm^(2)/10d;(2) organic fertilizer(equal amount) was combined with homemade Bacillus(OF+YB) at a dose of 30 L/hm^(2)/10d;(3) organic fertilizer(equal amount) combined with homemade photosynthetic bacteria(OF+GH)at a dose of 30 L/hm^(2)/10d, to explore the regulation effect of Bacillus and photosynthetic bacteria on water quality in the rice-crayfish culture system. The regulation effects of Bacillus and photosynthetic bacteria on the water quality of shrimp farming paddy fields. The results showed that water quality in the rice-crayfish farming system was effectively improved using organic fertilizer combined with photosynthetic bacteria, significant reduction in ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen contents in the aquaculture water in the middle and late stage of crayfish culture;compared with only application of organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer combined with Bacillus(photosynthetic bacteria)led to increase the individual body weight of the crayfish by 24%(36%). In addition, significant increase in the body length and catch quantity of crayfish was observed under the combined application of organic fertilizer and photosynthetic bacteria conditions(P<0.05).

关 键 词：虾稻田 小龙虾养殖期 微生物 水质调节 试验研究 

分 类 号：S964.9[农业科学—水产养殖]