“鱼-植物”共生模式下不同植物根际细菌多样性及群落结构研究  

Bacterial Diversity of Various Plant Rhizospheres in a “Fish-Plant” Symbiosis System

作　　者：胡建勇[1] 李晓东[1] 翟旭亮 时春明[1] 焦飞[1] 高攀[1] HU Jianyong;LI Xiaodong;ZHAI Xuliang;SHI Chunming;JIAO Fei;GAO Pan(Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Fisheries Research Institute,Urumqi 830000,China;Chongqing Fishery Technical Extension Station,Chongqing 400020,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所农业农村部西北地区渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]重庆市水产技术推广总站,重庆400020

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2023年第1期101-107,共7页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2020D01A103);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-45);新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目(2019E0263)。

摘　　要：为研究“鱼-植物”共生模式下不同植物根系细菌多样性及群落结构与水体中氮、磷含量的关系,分别剪取定植于浮床中的水稻(Oryza sativa)、茨菰(Sagittaria sagittifolia)、水蕹菜(Ipomoea aquatica)、水芹菜(Oenanthe javanica)和苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense)根系,经PBS(p H=7.4)缓冲液漂洗、摇床震荡和离心富集根系土壤等处理后,利用高通量测序技术测定根系细菌群落多样性,同时采集植物种植区水样,分析有关水质指标。结果表明,不同植物在“鱼-植物”共生模式下根系细菌OTU绝大部分为特有类型,彼此间差异极大,水蕹菜的OTU数最多,苏丹草最少;聚类分析结果表明,苏丹草与其他四种植物差异大,而茨菰和水稻聚于一个分支,说明试验植物间的OTU相似性较高。不同种类植物根系细菌群落组成均匀度低,不同种类菌群差异较大;通过水质与根系细菌菌群关联分析发现,Planctomycetaceae等14科、Rhodobacter等14属与水体中的N、P含量呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著相关性(P<0.01)。为提高共生植物对水产养殖中水或尾水的净化效率,建议采用该技术时应选用多种植物搭配模式。In order to explore the relationship between bacterial diversity and community structure of different plant roots and nitrogen and phosphorus content in water under the "fish plant" symbiosis model, [Methods] the roots of rice(Oryza sativa), Sagittaria Sagittifolia, Ipomoea aquatica, Oenanthe javanica and sorghum sudanense planted in floating bed were cut respectively, and After rinsing with PBS buffer(pH7.4), shaking table and centrifugal enrichment of root soil, the diversity of root bacterial community was determined by high-throughput sequencing technology;At the same time, water samples from plant planting areas were collected and relevant water quality indexes were analyzed. The results showed that there were great differences in different plant shizospheres bacterial OTU in the“fish-plant”symbiosis system, with species specificity in many OTU including the maxiamal OTU number in water spinach(Ipomoea aquatica)and the minimal in Sorghum sudanense. Cluster analysis revealed that Sorghum sudanense was significantly different from the other four plants, while Sagittaria trifolia and Oryza sativa clustered in one branch, with high OTU similarity. There was low bacterial community composition uniformity in different plant shizospheres, and the great difference in different species. Through the correlation analysis between water quality and root bacterial flora, it was found that 14 families such as Planctomyceteae and 14 genera such as Rhodobacter had significant(P < 0.05)or very significant correlation with the contents of N and P in water(P < 0.01). Therefore,in order to improve the purification efficiency of symbiotic plants for aquaculture water or tail water, it is suggesting that industry practitioners should adopt a variety of plant collocation modes when this technology is widely applied.

关 键 词：“鱼-植物”共生系统 根际细菌多样性 细菌群落结构 高通量测序 水质分析 

分 类 号：S964.9[农业科学—水产养殖]