改良填料和厌氧区对生物滞留池脱氮除磷方法的优化设计  

Improved packing and anaerobic zones for bioretention ponds optimal design of nitrogen and phosphorus removal method

作　　者：苏景振 周金琨 刘早红 徐晨[1] 詹健[2,3] SU Jingzhen;ZHOU Jinkun;LIU Zaohong;XU Chen;ZHAN Jian(School of Infrastructure Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;School of Resources and Environment,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization,Ministry of Education,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Changjiang Ecological Environmental Protection Group Co.,Ltd.,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332000,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学工程建设学院,江西南昌330031 [2]南昌大学资源与环境学院,江西南昌330031 [3]南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330031 [4]长江生态环保集团有限公司,江西九江332000

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（工科版）》2023年第1期16-21,76,共7页Journal of Nanchang University(Engineering & Technology)

基　　金：江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2020-S125);南昌大学研究生创新专项资金项目(CX2019115)。

摘　　要：传统生物滞留设施对氮、磷的去除效果不佳,为探究不同改良基质、不同基质组合、不同生物滞留设施结构类型和内外部因素对生物滞留设施脱氮除磷效果的影响,加入海绵铁、沸石等改良填料,同时在生物滞留设施装置底层设置生物厌氧区来去除氮、磷等污染物,考察对总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、总氮(TN)、硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、固体悬浮物(SS)的去除能力。结果表明:单一基质海绵铁对TP的吸附效果最好达到0.181 mg·g^(-1);沸石对NH_(4)^(+)-N吸附效果最好为0.429 mg·g^(-1),且3:7配比的海绵铁-沸石组合基质填料在7种混合填料中对NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP的吸附性能最好,分别为0.501 mg·g^(-1)和0.259 mg·g^(-1)。生物滞留设施内部结构改变会引起TN、TP、NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N以及COD的去除效果变化且去除率易受到外界降雨强度变化的影响,装置淹没区设置在重现期5 a时更有利于NO_(3)^(-)-N和TN的去除,上述因素对固体悬浮物的去除干扰则较小。改良填料和厌氧区对生物滞留设施氮磷的平均去除率增加近10%,为填料的选择和配比优化以及结构设计提供参考。The removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus by traditional bioretention facilities was poor.In order to explore the effects of different improved substrates,different substrate combinations,different structure types of bioretention facilities,and internal or external factors on the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in bioretention facilities,improved fillers such as sponge iron and zeolite were added.At the same time,a bio-anaerobic zone was set up at the bottom of the bioretention facility to remove pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus.The removal capacity of total phosphorus(TP),chemical oxygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),total nitrogen(TN),nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)and suspended solids(SS)was investigated.The results showed that the best adsorption effect of single matrix sponge iron on TP was 0.181 mg·g^(-1).The best adsorption effect of zeolite on NH_(4)^(+)-N was 0.429 mg·g^(-1),and the sponge iron-zeolite composite matrix filler with a ratio of 3:7 had the best adsorption performance on NH_(4)^(+)-N and TP among the seven mixed fillers,which were 0.501 mg·g^(-1) and 0.259 mg·g^(-1),respectively.Changes in the internal structure of bioretention facilities caused changes in the removal efficiency of TN,TP,NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(3)^(-)-N and COD.Meanwhile,the removal rate was easily affected by the changes of external rainfall intensity.The submerged area of the device was more conducive to the removal of NO_(3)^(-)-N and TN when the return period was 5 a,and the above factors had less interference with the removal of the concentration of suspended solids.The average removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus in the bioretention facility was increased by nearly 10% with the improved packing and anaerobic zone,which provided a reference for the selection and ratio optimization of packing and structural design.

关 键 词：生物滞留设施 海绵铁 沸石 厌氧区 氮磷 去除率 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]