土壤矿物质增强生物炭稳定性的机制综述  

Mechanisms of soil minerals enhance biochar stability:A review

作　　者：陈全 陈丽芳 吴丹萍 吴敏 潘波 CHEN Quan;CHEN Lifang;WU Danping;WU Min;PAN Bo(Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control,Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第3期490-499,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977334,42067055);云南省重点科技计划项目(202101AW070008,202001AS070015)。

摘　　要：近年来,生物炭因其在环境中的高稳定性以及固碳减排功能,成为国内外的研究热点。然而,生物炭并不是完全惰性的,它的稳定性与其化学结构和所处的环境体系密切相关。为探究生物炭在土壤矿物质作用下的稳定性和固碳潜能,本文通过分析生物炭与土壤矿物质中无机离子的相互作用机理、生物炭与矿物质颗粒团聚过程,系统论述了土壤矿物质对生物炭稳定性的影响。土壤矿物质无机离子可与生物炭发生络合、阳离子桥联、沉淀和静电吸引等相互作用形成有机-矿质复合体,矿物质颗粒成分可与土壤有机质和生物炭等发生团聚,这两种形式为生物炭提供物理保护,提高生物炭的化学稳定性。生物炭在团聚体中的分布会随时间变化:前期主要存在于粉+黏团聚体,后期主要分布于微团聚体和大团聚体。团聚体的形成将限制微生物的数量与类群、降低生物炭与微生物接触概率、减缓微生物降解利用生物炭的速率,进而增强生物炭的生物稳定性。Biochar has received much attention due to its high stability in the environment,which makes it suitable for carbon sequestration and emission reduction.However,biochar is not completely inert.Its stability is determined by its chemical structure and the surrounding ecological system.To explore the stability of biochar and its carbon fixation potential under the action of soil minerals,this study elaborated on the mechanism of the interaction between biochar and mineral inorganic ions,the aggregation process of biochar and mineral particles,and systematically analyzed the influence of minerals on the biological stability of biochar.Mineral inorganic ions might interact with biochar through complexation,cation bridging,precipitation,and electrostatic attraction to form an organic–mineral complex,and mineral particles may aggregate with soil organic matter and biochar.These two forms might provide physical protection for biochar,thus improving its chemical stability.The distribution of biochar in aggregates changed over time.It mainly existed in silt and clay aggregates,and then distributed in micro-aggregates and macro-aggregates.The formation of aggregates limited the number and diversity of microorganisms,reduced the probability of contact between biochar and microorganisms,and slowed down the microbial degradation of biochar,thereby enhancing its biological stability.This paper discussed challenges to biochar stability and carbon fixation ability and provided a theoretical basis for future research.

关 键 词：矿物质离子 矿物质颗粒 生物炭 稳定性 团聚体 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]