生态循环水养殖池塘抗生素抗性基因污染特征研究  

Pollution characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes in ecological recirculating aquaculture ponds

作　　者：曲疆奇 张清靖 吴彦飞 俞文钰 赵萌 朱华 QU Jiangqi;ZHANG Qingjing;WU Yanfei;YU Wenyu;ZHAO Meng;ZHU Hua(Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology,Fisheries Science Institute,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100068,China;Tianjin Agricultural College,Tianjin 300392,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院水产科学研究所,渔业生物技术北京重点实验室,北京100068 [2]天津农学院,天津300392

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第3期641-651,共11页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD0900103);北京市农林科学院青年科研基金项目(QNJJ202020);北京市渔业创新团队-尾水处理与综合利用(BAIC07-2022-06);河北省重点研发计划项目(22326701D)。

摘　　要：为探究生态循环水池塘养殖模式中抗生素抗性基因(Antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)污染特征,本研究利用宏基因组技术检测分析了生态循环水养殖池塘ARGs的赋存特征及其与微生物群落和环境变量的相互关系。结果显示:试验共检测出21类1092种亚型ARGs,池塘底泥是ARGs的主要储存库。池塘中抗性基因macB、tetA(58)和nov相对丰度最高,多药类和主动外排泵是最主要的ARGs类型和耐药机制。养殖池塘水体和底泥微生物群落组成差异显著(P<0.05)。优势菌变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)中的多种菌属与不同类型ARGs存在显著正相关性,表明ARGs在这些菌属间具有水平转移的趋势,微生物为ARGs在系统中的持久存在和向水体扩散传播提供了有利条件。此外,氨态氮、亚硝态氮和硝态氮是影响养殖池塘ARGs分布特征和微生物群落组成的主要环境因子。本研究确定了生态循环水养殖系统中养殖池塘ARGs可能的背景值,并提供了生态化循环水养殖尾水具有较高ARGs传播风险的定量信息,为进一步优化升级生态循环水养殖系统、降低ARGs污染和保护养殖环境提供了数据支持。To explore the characteristics of Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)pollution in the ecological recirculating aquaculture ponds,this study used metagenomic technology to detect and analyze the ARG profiles and their relationship with microbial communities and environmental variables.The results showed that a total of 21 types and 1092 subtypes of ARGs were detected in aquaculture ponds,and the pond sediment was the main reservoir of ARGs.The resistance genes macB,tetA(58),and nov showed higher relative abundances in the pond.Multidrug and antibiotic efflux pumps were the most important types of ARGs and resistance mechanisms,respectively.There were significant differences in microbial community composition between the water column and bottom mud of the aquaculture pond(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between ARGs and Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria,and Actinobacteria,indicating that ARGs were transferred horizontally among these different bacterial groups.At the same time,microorganisms also provided favorable conditions for the persistence and diffusion of ARGs in the aquaculture system.In addition,ammonia nitrogen,nitrite nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen were major environmental factors that affected the distribution characteristics of ARGs and the composition of microbial communities in aquaculture ponds.The results of this study determined the possible background value of ARGs in the ecological recirculating aquaculture ponds.They also provided quantitative information that the tailwater had a high risk of ARGs transmission.The results provided data support for the further optimization and upgrading of ecological recirculating aquaculture systems,reducing ARGs pollution,and protecting the aquaculture environment.

关 键 词：生态循环水系统 池塘养殖 抗生素抗性基因(ARGs) 微生物群落 污染特征 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172