黄淮海麦区部分小麦品种的抗旱性评价及相关分子标记的有效性验证  

Comprehensive Evaluation on Drought Resistance of Some Wheat Cultivars in Huang-Huai-Hai Region and Validation of the Related Molecular Markers

作　　者：吴晓军[1] 姜豪 宋林通 方方 陈向东[1] 胡喜贵[1] 黄中文[1] 李淦[1] 胡铁柱[1] 茹振钢[1] WU Xiaojun;JIANG Hao;SONG Lintong;FANG Fang;CHEN Xiangdong;HU Xigui;HUANG Zhongwen;LI Gan;HU Tiezhu;RU Zhengang(Center of Wheat Research,Henan Institute of Science and Technology/Henan Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat/Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding,Xinxiang,Henan 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院小麦中心/河南省杂交小麦重点实验室/现代生物育种河南省协同创新中心,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2023年第3期270-278,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2021GGJS122);河南省研究生教育改革与质量提升工程项目(豫学位[2018]23号);河南省重大公益专项(201300110800);河南省小麦产业体系项目(S2010-01-G09);河南科技学院引进高层次人才科研启动项目(201010615002)。

摘　　要：为研究黄淮海麦区小麦品种的抗旱性,对黄淮海麦区46个小麦品种萌发期的抗旱性进行鉴定,验证3个抗旱性相关分子标记的有效性,并利用分子标记检测抗旱性相关基因1-feh-w3、TaDreb-B1、TaNRX-B1的单倍型分布。结果显示,供试材料的平均相对发芽率为64.8%,变化范围为30.7%~95.4%,中等及以上抗旱性等级小麦品种占比84.8%。1-feh-w3基因的Westonia type单倍型平均相对发芽率显著高于Kauz type单倍型,但与相对发芽率相关性并不显著。TaNRX-B1基因的TaNRX-B1a单倍型平均相对发芽率显著高于TaNRX-B1b单倍型,且与相对发芽率显著相关。TaDreb-B1基因的TaDreb-B1a单倍型平均相对发芽率显著高于TaDreb-B1b单倍型,品种占比达到95.7%,在小麦抗旱性中起重要作用,与相对发芽率相关性也不显著。单倍型组合Westonia type/TaDreb-B1a/TaNRX-B1a的平均相对发芽率最高,为76.79%。筛选出抗旱性较好的小麦品种14个,分别为徐麦36、中植0914、囤麦127、洛麦26、百农418、齐民7号、丰德存麦20、丰德存麦12、丰德存麦1号、赛德麦7号、驻麦328、周麦32、国红3号和迁麦088,可以在小麦育种中作为抗旱种质加以利用。In order to comprehensively evaluate the drought resistance of wheat cultivars in the Huang-Huai-Hai region,the drought resistance of 46 wheat cultivars at germination stage were identified,the validity of three drought resistance-related molecular markers were verified,and used molecular markers to detect haplotype distribution of drought resistance-related genes 1-feh-w3,TaDreb-B1 and TaNRX-B1.The results showed that the average relative germination rate of wheat cultivars was 64.8%,with the variation ranging from 30.7%to 95.4%,and wheat cultivars with moderate and strong drought resistance accounted for 84.8%.The average relative germination rate of the haplotype Westonia type of 1-feh-w3 gene was generally higher than that of the haplotype Kauz type,but the correlation with the relative germination rate was not significant.The average relative germination rate of TaNRX-B1a haplotype of TaNRX-B1 gene was generally higher than that of TaNRX-B1b,and the correlation with the relative germination rate was significant.The TaDreb-B1a haplotype of TaDreb-B1 gene accounted for 95.7%of all the materials,and the average relative germination rate of the TaDreb-B1a haplotype was significantly higher than that of the TaDreb-B1b,which played an important role in the drought resistance of wheat,but the correlation with the relative germination rate was also not significant.The average relative germination rate of the haplotype combination Westonia type/TaDreb-B1a/TaNRX-B1a was the highest,reaching 76.79%.Fourteen wheat cultivars with strong drought resistance were identified:Xumai 36,Zhongzhi 0914,Tunmai 127,Luomai 26,Bainong 418,Qimin 7,Fengdecunmai 20,Fengdecunmai 12,Fengdecunmai 1,Saidemai 7,Zhumai 328,Zhoumai 32,Guohong 3 and Qianmai 088,which can be used as drought-resistant germplasms in wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦品种 相对发芽率 抗旱性 分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330