缩行配施保水剂对滴灌燕麦群体特征和产量的影响  

Effect of Combination of Row Spacing Reduction and Super Absorbent Polymercan on Population Characteristics and Yield of Oat under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：田露[1,3] 刘景辉 米俊珍[1,2] 赵宝平[1,2] 李英浩[1] 张胜 王凤梧[4] 焦伟红 高卿 TIAN Lu;LIU Jinghui;MI Junzhen;ZHAO Baoping;LI Yinghao;ZHANG Sheng;WANG Fengwu;JIAO Weihong;GAO Qing(Inner Mongolia Agriculture University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010019,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Coarse Grain Industry,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,010019,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Science,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China;Agriculture and Forestry Sciences of Ulanqab,Jining,Inner Mongolia 012000,China;Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Ecological Resources Protection Center of Ulanqab,Jining,Inner Mongolia 012000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农业大学杂粮产业协同创新中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [3]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [4]乌兰察布市农林科学研究所,内蒙古集宁012000 [5]乌兰察布市农牧业生态资源保护中心,内蒙古集宁012000

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2023年第3期332-342,共11页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2018YFE0107900);国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-07-B-4);内蒙古“草原英才”创新团队资助项目;全国农业科研杰出人才及其科技创新团队资助项目。

摘　　要：为探索适应于滴灌燕麦的高效栽培技术,于2019-2020年通过裂区试验,设置20 cm(A,常规等行距种植)、15 cm(B,带状种植)和10 cm(C,带状种植)3种行距作为主区,以及22.5 kg·hm^(-2)(Y)、0 kg·hm^(-2)(N)2个保水剂施用水平作为副区,分析行距和保水剂对滴灌燕麦群体数量、群体质量和产量水平的影响。结果表明,适度缩小行距能够促进燕麦群体结构形成、群体质量提升以及产量的增加,过度缩小行距则会抑制燕麦生长。在不施用保水剂条件下,AN和BN处理间燕麦群体结构、群体质量及产量基本上差异不显著;施用保水剂后差异显著,与AY处理相比,BY处理分蘖期总茎数、分蘖数、分蘖成穗率、株高、叶面积指数、抗倒伏指数和籽粒产量2年平均分别提高1.93%、4.48%、4.40%、3.37%、9.43%、6.87%和16.65%。同种行距下,保水剂的施用能不同程度促进燕麦群体结构形成、群体质量提升以及产量的增加,整体以行距为15 cm的带状种植表现更优;与BN处理相比,BY处理的基本苗数、分蘖盛期总茎数、总分蘖数、分蘖成穗率、株高、叶面积指数、抗倒伏指数和籽粒产量2年平均分别提高1.88%、3.27%、5.10%、2.96%、6.67%、17.24%、17.12%和22.99%。综合来看,将种植行距由20 cm缩小为15 cm,等行距种植调整为8行一带的带状种植,结合施用22.5 kg·hm^(-2)保水剂的种植方式能够改善滴灌燕麦群体特征,促进籽粒产量形成,可在生产上推广应用。In order to establish an efficient oat planting method under drip irrigation,a study was conducted during the growing season(2019-2020)to evaluate the effect of row spacing and super absorbent polymer on population structure,population quality and yield of oat.To conduct the field trials,a split plot design was established.Three row spacing was set up as the main plot,including 20 cm(A,conventional equal row spacing planting),15 cm(B,strip planting)and 10 cm(C,strip planting),and two super absorbent polymer levels were in the subplot,including 22.5 kg·hm^(-2)(Y)and 0 kg·hm^(-2)(N).The results showed that,moderate reduction of row spacing promoted the formation of oat population structure,improved population quality and increased yield,while excessive reduction of row spacing inhibited the growth of oats.When super absorbent polymers were not applied,there mainly showed no significant differences on the population structure,population quality and yield of oat between AN and BN.Under the conditions of no application of water retaining agent,there was no significant difference between AN and BN in oat population structure,population quality and yield.The difference was significant after the application of water retaining agent.Compared with AY,the total number of stems,the number of tillers,the panicle rate of tillers,the plant height,the population leaf area index,the lodging resistance index,and the grain yield of BY treatment were increased by 1.93%,4.48%,4.40%,3.37%,9.43%,6.87%,and 16.65%on average in two years,respectively.Under the same row spacing,the application of water retaining agent promoted the formation of oat population structure,improved population quality and increased yield to varying degrees.Overall,it performed the best with the row spacing of 15 cm.Compared with BN,the basic seedling numbers,total number of stems at peak tillering stage,tiller numbers,panicle ratio of tillers,plant height,population leaf area index,lodging resistance index and grain yield of BY were significantly(P<0.05)increa

关 键 词：燕麦 滴灌 行距 保水剂 群体特征 产量 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学] S311