背越式跳高过杆成“桥”动作特点研究  

Characteristics of a Back Bridge Over the Bar in High Jump Using Fosbury Flop

作　　者：虎攀 Hu Pan(North Sichuan College of Preschool Teacher Education,Guangyuan 628017,China)

机构地区：[1]川北幼儿师范高等专科学校,四川广元628017

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第3期81-83,87,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：为探讨背越式跳高过杆动作的特点,本文利用Dartfish10.0运动分析软件对穆塔兹·伊萨·巴尔希姆、张国伟、詹马尔科·坦贝里、尤沃恩·哈里森、禹相赫和王宇背越式跳高中过杆动作进行运动生物力学分析。结果发现:在过杆时采用挺髋动作,是建立在先挺后跳基础上形成的,该动作顺序会减小垂直向上的腾起初速度;采用主动下放摆动腿的过杆动作,能够使身体形成最优的“桥型”动作姿势,保证人体重心移出体外,缩小身体重心最高点与横杆之间的距离,缩短绕身体重心额状轴的转动半径,加快身体过杆的转动角速度,减小过杆后期膝关节的角度,提高自然收腿的速度。Dartfish10.0 motion analysis software was used to analyze the sports biomechanics of Mutaz Issa Balshim,,Zhang Guowei,Giammarco Tamberg,Yuvaughn Harrison,Yu Sang-hyuk and Wang Yu in the high jump.Through the analysis,it is concluded that the hip lfting motion is formed on the basis of first lfting and then jumping,and this motion sequence will reduce the vertical lifting speed;The use of the active down swing leg over the bar can make the body form the optimal "bridge"movement posture,ensure that the body's center of gravity moves out of the body,reduce the distance between the highest point of the body's center of gravity and the cross bar,shorten the rotation radius around the frontal axis of the body's center of gravity,accelerate the rotation angular speed of the body over the bar,reduce the knee joint angle at the later stage of the bar,and improve the speed of natural leg folding.

关 键 词：背越式跳高 桥式 过杆动作 

分 类 号：G823.1[文化科学—体育训练]