缺氧环境下视觉功能指标的敏感性研究  

Sensitivity of visual function indexes in hypoxic environments

作　　者：殷东辰 张岩 于立华 施维茹 温冬青 涂磊 王桂友 吴建兵 薛利豪 YIN Dongchen;ZHANG Yan;YULihua;SHI Weiru;WEN Dongqing;TU Lei;WANG Guiyou;WU Jianbing;XUE Lihao(High Altitude Physiology Laboratory,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心高空生理研究室,北京100142

出　　处：《空军航空医学》2023年第1期12-14,共3页AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE

基　　金：军委后勤保障部重点课题(BKJ14J007)。

摘　　要：目的研究视觉功能受缺氧环境影响的敏感性,探讨将视觉功能指标纳入缺氧体验性训练项目的可行性。方法按空军航空生理训练大纲中缺氧体验性训练要求,采用10.5%的低氧混合气模拟海拔5000 m高度缺氧条件,通过对比10名志愿者缺氧前后远视力、立体视力、色彩辨识能力、暗适应时间和不同级别对比敏感度等视觉功能指标,筛选出对缺氧敏感、检测简便的视觉功能指标。结果与缺氧前比较,10名志愿者缺氧后暗适应时间、中高频度对比敏感度下降,差异有统计学意义(t=3.51、2.805、3.098、3.186、2.738,P=0.007、0.021、0.013、0.011、0.023),远视力、立体视力、色彩辨识能力无显著性差异。结论暗适应能力及低对比度和低敏感度的目标辨识能力对缺氧环境较为敏感,可作为飞行员缺氧体验性训练的观测指标。Objective To study the sensitivity of visual function affected by hypoxia environment,and explore the feasibility that into hypoxic experiential training program.Methods According to the requirements of hypoxia experiential training program,10.5%hypoxia mixture was used to simulate the hypoxia condition at altitude of 5000 m.The visual function indexes,include far vision,stereoscopic vision,color recognition ability,dark adaptation time and contrast sensitivity of different levels,were compared before and after hypoxia in 10 volunteers.To screen out the visual function indexes which were sensitive to hypoxia and easy to detect.Results The dark adaptation time and contrast sensitivity of middle and high frequency decreased after hypoxia(t=3.51、2.805、3.098、3.186、2.738,F=0.007、0.021、0.013、0.011、0.023);compared with those in 10 volunteers before hypoxia,And no significant difference in far vision,stereoscopic vision and color recognition ability.Conclusion The dark adaptation ability and low contrast and low sensitivity target recognition ability are sensitive to hypoxic environment and can be used as observation indicators for pilots*hypoxic experiential training.

关 键 词：航空生理训练 缺氧 视觉功能 

分 类 号：R852.11[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]