铅胁迫下早开堇菜的耐性及富集转运  

Tolerance,enrichment,and transportation of Viola prionantha under lead stress

作　　者：郭王子杰 陈一博 于雪泽 宋红[1] GUO Wangzijie;CHEN Yibo;YU Xueze;SONG Hong(College of Landscape Architecture,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学园林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第2期338-351,共14页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201404402-5)。

摘　　要：为探究Pb污染对早开堇菜(Viola prionantha)生长、生理和Pb吸收转运的影响,筛选适合重金属污染地区栽培的植物,采用水培试验方法,设置6个不同试验浓度(0、10、25、50、100、200 mg·L^(-1)),探究其在5个测定期(0、5、10、15、20 d)的耐受性及富集吸收特征。结果表明,同一处理不同处理时间下,高浓度(>50 mg·L^(-1))处理后早开堇菜生长受到显著抑制作用(P<0.05);随着处理时间的延长,抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量逐渐增加,而可溶性蛋白含量逐渐下降;叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)呈降低趋势,胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)逐渐升高。早开堇菜地下部分Pb积累量大于地上部分,具有一定Pb富集能力但转运能力较弱。综上所述,早开堇菜对铅污染具有一定的抗性,有一定的应用潜力。To screen plants suitable for heavy metal contaminated areas,plant growth,physiological characteristics,and Pb absorption and transportation characteristics were observed.V.prionantha seedlings were chosen as experimental material for hydroponic experiments,setting six concentrations(0,10,25,50,100,200 mg·L^(-1))to determine tolerance,enrichment,and uptake characteristics under lead stress in five testing periods(non-stress,5 d,10 d,15 d,20 d).Under the same treatment and different testing period,high concentrations significantly inhibited the growth of V.prionantha(P<0.05);with the increase of stress concentration,the antioxidant enzyme system and malondialdehyde(MDA),proline,and soluble sugar contents gradually increased,but soluble protein content decreased.Chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),and transpiration rate(Tr)showed a decreasing trend,whereas intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci)increased continually.The Pb2+content in the underground part was higher than that in the aboveground part in this experiment but V.prionantha had lead enrichment ability,while transportation ability was weak.Therefore,V.prionantha has a certain resistance to lead concentration and has application potential.

关 键 词：重金属胁迫 堇菜属 生长影响 生理响应 重金属抗性 观赏植物 园林应用 

分 类 号：S682.19[农业科学—观赏园艺] X53[农业科学—园艺学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境工程]