加工工件质量及安装位置对滚珠丝杠进给系统动态特性的影响  

Influence of mass and installation location of workpiece on dynamic characteristics of ball screw feed system

作　　者：王晨升 冯裕海 苏芳 王舒玮 WANG Chensheng;FENG Yuhai;SU Fang;WANG Shuwei(School of Mechanical and Engineering,Shanxi Datong University,Datong 037003,CHN;School of coal Engineering,Shanxi Datong University,Datong 037003,CHN)

机构地区：[1]山西大同大学机电工程学院,山西大同037003 [2]山西大同大学煤炭工程学院,山西大同037003

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2023年第4期169-173,共5页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：山西省高校科技创新项目(2022L433,2022L434);山西大同大学基金项目(2022K27,2020Q8)。

摘　　要：滚珠丝杠进给系统是数控机床的关键部件,其动态特性与运动精度紧密相关,对数控机床加工精度有重要影响。滚珠丝杠进给系统的动态特性具有明显的时变特征,为探究工件质量及放置位置对滚珠丝杠进给系统动态特性的影响规律,基于集中质量法构建了滚珠丝杠进给系统动力学模型,并利用有限元方法验证了模型精确度。基于所构建的动力学模型开展了工件质量及放置位置对滚珠丝杠进给系统动态特性的影响规律分析,构建了其响应面,结果显示,随着工件质量的增加,滚珠丝杠进给系统固有频率降低;工件位置离工作台重心越近,对系统固有频率影响越小。结果可用于实际加工过程中,指导工件的在工作台面的放置位置选择。The ball screw feed system is a key component of CNC machine tool.The motion precision of the ball screw feed system is closely related with the dynamic characteristics,and has an important influence on the machining accuracy of CNC machine tool.The dynamic characteristics of the ball screw feed system have obvious time-varying characteristics.In order to explore the influence of the mass and placement of the workpiece on the dynamic characteristics of the ball screw feed system,a dynamic model of the ball screw feed system was constructed based on the lumped mass method,and the accuracy of the model was verified by the finite element method.Based on the constructed dynamic model,the influence of the mass and placement of the workpiece on the dynamic characteristics of the ball screw feed system was analyzed,and its response surface was constructed.The results showed that the natural frequency of the ball screw feed system decreased with the increase of the quality of the workpiece.The closer the workpiece is to the center of gravity of the worktable,the less influence it has on the natural frequency of the system.The results can be used to guide the placement of the workpiece on the worktable in the actual machining process.

关 键 词：滚珠丝杠进给系统 动力学模型 工件质量 工件位置 动态特性 

分 类 号：TH133.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]