生物刺激素协同对草莓炭疽病防治及其生长发育的影响  

Effects of Biostimulant Synergism on Anthracnose Disease Control and Growth of Strawberry

作　　者：王晓琳 黄洁雪 邬劼 范亚君 乔玉山[3] 吉沐祥[1] WANG Xiaolin;HUANG Jiexue;WU Jie;FAN Yajun;QIAO Yushan;JI Muxiang(Zhenjiang Agricultural Science Institute of Jiangsu Hilly Regions,Zhenjiang 212400,China;Jiangsu Esperanza Eco-Agriculture Technology Co.,Ltd,Zhenjiang 212400,China;College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agriculture University,Nanjing 212400,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所,镇江212400 [2]江苏伊斯贝拉生态农业科技有限公司,镇江212400 [3]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2023年第1期149-156,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金关键技术创新项目(CX(21)2019);镇江市重点研发计划(NY2020003)。

摘　　要：草莓炭疽病是草莓定植时期最易造成死苗的真菌病害。本文研究了生物刺激素(木霉菌、海藻酸、聚谷氨酸)协同灌根对草莓炭疽病的防治以及促生作用。结果表明,与对照相比,木霉菌、海藻酸、聚谷氨酸单剂灌根和木霉菌+海藻酸、木霉菌+聚谷氨酸的协同灌根处理均能显著降低炭疽病造成的死苗率,其中木霉菌+海藻酸的防效最高,可达78.26%。相比对照,所有处理均能显著提高净光合速率、1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶活性和加氧酶活性等光合指标,以及土壤脲酶活性。协同灌根处理显著提高草莓株高、根茎粗、叶柄长、叶面积等生长指标达15.62%~47.00%。其中木霉菌+海藻酸处理的净光合速率、土壤脲酶活性最高。综合而言,木霉菌与海藻酸协同灌根在促进生长、促进光合、提高土壤供氮水平以及防控草莓炭疽病方面均表现出显著的增效作用,可作为生物防治的一种有效手段。Strawberry anthracnose is the common fungal disease,which easily causes strawberry seedling death during the plant period.In this study,the control effect of straw anthracnose by synergistic root irrigation with three biostimulants(Trichoderma,alginate,and polyglutamic acid) and the growth-promoting role were investigated,respectively.Results showed either the single irrigation with Trichoderma,alginate and polyglutamic acid or the synergistic root irrigation of Trichoderma+alginate and Trichoderma+polyglutamic acid both significantly reduced the dead seedling rate that caused by anthracnose,and the highest prevention effect could reach 78.26% for Trichoderma+alginate in comparison with the control.In addition,all treatments not only significantly increased photosynthetic indicators such as net photosynthetic rate,ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase activity and oxygenase activity,as well as soil urease activity,but also significantly increased the growth indices from 15.62% to47.00%,such as strawberry plant strawberry plant height,rootstock thickness,petiole length and leaf area,respectively.Moreover,root irrigation of Trichoderma+alginate have the best synergistic activity for net photosynthetic rate and soil urease.In total,the results above indicated that the combination of Trichoderma and alginic acid had the best synergistic effect on disease control and strawberry growth,which could be used as an effective means for biological control.

关 键 词：草莓 木霉菌 海藻酸 聚谷氨酸 生物刺激素 

分 类 号：S436.639[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]