花椒根腐病拮抗真菌的分离鉴定及其生防潜力探究  

Isolation,Identification and Biocontrol Potential of Antagonistic Fungi against Zanthoxylum bungeanum Root Rot

作　　者：李梦玮 陈晓霞 补欢欢[1,2,3] 廖礼彬 李婧怡 张楠楠 石福孙[1,3] LI Mengwei;CHEN Xiaoxia;BU Huanhuan;LIAO Libin;LI Jingyi;ZHANG Nannan;SHI Fusun(Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Maoxian Mountain Ecosystem Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Maoxian 623200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院茂县山地生态系统定位研究站,茂县623200

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2023年第1期176-183,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2021YFN0116)。

摘　　要：为获得花椒根腐病菌腐皮镰孢菌Fusarium solani的优良拮抗菌株,本研究以健康花椒侧根为拮抗菌来源,采用组织分离法获得花椒根部内生真菌,通过平板对峙法筛选出1株对病原菌具备明显拮抗作用的真菌HB21-1,平板抑制率为61.00%,其无菌发酵滤液抑制率为41.24%,可致腐皮镰孢菌菌丝出现皱缩膨胀、孢子畸形现象,经形态学和分子生物学鉴定为草酸青霉Penicilium oxalicum。盆栽试验结果表明HB21-1对花椒根腐病的防效为56.59%,经HB21-1处理的花椒根部POD、SOD酶活性和土壤蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶活性随时间均呈升高趋势,且始终高于空白对照。本研究表明草酸青霉HB21-1对花椒根腐病病原菌具有显著拮抗作用,能降低发病率,在生物防治方面有潜在应用价值。In order to obtain good antagonistic strains against Fusarium solani,the endophytic fungus of Zanthoxylum bungeanum root was screened by tissue isolation method.The strain HB21-1 with inhibition rate of61.00% against F.solani was obtained by plate confrontation method.The inhibition rate of its sterile fermentation filtrate against F.solani was 41.24%.The strain of HB21-1 induced constriction,enlargement in mycelia morphology of F.solani and caused spore deformity.Based on the morphological characteristic and ITS molecular sequences,The strain of HB21-1 was identified as Penicillium oxalicum.The effect of HB21-1 on root rot of Zanthoxylum bungeanum was 56.59% in the pot experiment.The POD and SOD enzyme activities,soil sucrase and acid phosphatase activities of Zanthoxylum bungeanum roots treated with HB21-1 were increased compared with the control.This study shows that P.oxalicum HB21-1 had a significant antagonistic effect on F.solani and reduced the incidence of the root rot of Zanthoxylum bungeanum.

关 键 词：花椒 根腐病 草酸青霉 生物防治 防御酶活性 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]