甘肃省典型树种滞尘能力及影响因子  

Dust Retention Capacity and Influencing Factors of Typical Tree Species in Gansu Province

作　　者：陈徵尼 凌雷 仲怡铭 王翠英 吴国宏 CHEN Zheng-ni;LING Lei;ZHONG Yi-ming;WANG Cui-ying;WU Guo-hong(Gansu Academy of Forestry,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu,China;Xinglongshan Forest Ecosystem National Positioning Observation and Research Station,Lanzhou 730100,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省林业科学研究院,甘肃兰州730030 [2]甘肃兴隆山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,甘肃兰州730100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2023年第2期235-242,共8页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：甘肃省科技重点研发计划项目(20YF3FA009,21YF1FA380)。

摘　　要：利用手持式环境粉尘检测仪搭载空气气溶胶再发生器,对兴隆山保护区云杉、油松、辽东栎和华北落叶松4种典型树种叶片滞尘能力进行测试分析,同时对油松、云杉2种甘肃省主要造林树种在不同地区叶片滞尘量进行分析,旨在研究树种滞尘能力差异及影响因子,为探寻北方风沙地区林业建设中基于大气净化功能的树种选择和空间配置提供科学依据。结果表明,1)在兴隆山地区,云杉滞尘能力最强,辽东栎最弱,且云杉叶片单位面积滞纳颗粒物密度约为辽东栎的2倍以上;2)降水后采样间隔时间是影响叶片滞尘量的主要因素,大气背景中颗粒物组分含量能够显著影响叶片滞尘量,对沙尘或浮尘天气频繁的3月,或是风沙较大的定西、祁连山,叶片吸收TSP的量较大,而距离城市工业区越近的地区,如兴隆山和定西,森林滞纳PM 10和PM 2.5的量越高;3)叶表面特性(褶皱、绒毛和油脂颗粒等)是导致树种滞尘量差异的直接因素,林分结构差异引起的叶表面气孔密度和油脂颗粒形态、大小差异也会显著影响树种滞尘量;4)林分密度、取样时间和地点对树木滞尘量具有显著影响,这是开展区域尺度滞尘量研究取样和试验需重视的首要问题。In this study,a portable environmental dust detector was used to carry the aerosol regenerator to conduct the research of the dust retention capacity of the leaves of four typical tree species occurring in Xinglongshan Nature Reserve,including Picea asperata,Pinus tabuliformis,Quercus mongolica and Larix principis-rupprechtii.At the same time,the dust retention amounts of the leaves of P.asperata and P.tabuliformis,two main afforestation species in Gansu that planted in different areas within Gansu Province were analyzed.The results showed 1)in Xinglong Mountainous area,the dust retention capacity of P.asperata was the strongest,Q.mongolica was the weakest,and the density of particulate matter per unit area of P.asperata was 2 times more than that of Q.mongolica.2)The sampling interval after precipitation was the main factor affecting the dust retention capacity of the leaves.The content of particulate matter in atmospheric background could significantly affect the dust retention capacity of the leaves.In sandy areas,such as Dingxi and Qilian Mountains,the amount of TSP(total suspended particulate)absorbed by the leaves was higher,while in the areas closer to urban industrial areas such as the Xinglong Mountains and Dingxi,the amount of PM 10 and PM 2.5 adsorbed by the forest was higher.3)The characteristics of leaf surface(fold,villi,oil particles,etc.)were the direct factors that led to the difference of dust retention capacity of tree species.The differences in leaf stomatal density,oil particle shape and size caused by stand structure also significantly affected the dust retention capacity of the tree species.4)The stand density,sampling time and location had significant effects on the dust retention capacity of the tree species.The difference in leaf stomatal density and oil particle shape and size caused by stand structure also had significant effects on the dust retention capacity of the tree species,this is the most important issue that should be paid attention to in the study of sampling and experiment o

关 键 词：典型树种 滞尘能力 单位叶面积 区域尺度 

分 类 号：S731.1[农业科学—林学]