组合锻炼对养老院老年人生活质量和抑郁症状的效果研究  

Effects of a multicomponent physical exercise programme on perceived health-related quality of life and on depressive symptoms in older adults living in long-term nursing homes

作　　者：Maider Ugartemendia-Yerobi Maider Kortajarena Udane Elordi Nagore Zinkunegi-Zubizarreta Idoia Zarrazquin Juan JCalvo-Aguirre Amaia Irazusta 

机构地区：[1]Department of Nursing II,Faculty of Medicine and Nursing,University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU,Donostia/San Sebastián,Guipuzkoa,Spain [2]Zorroaga Foundation,Alto Zorroaga,Donostia/San Sebastián,Guipuzkoa,Spain

出　　处：《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》2023年第1期16-22,I0001,共8页国际护理科学（英文）

基　　金：This work has been supported and funded by the Universidad del País Vasco,UPV-EHU(University of the Basque Country).Open Access funding provided by University of Basque Country.

摘　　要：目的本研究旨在调查组合锻炼项目对居住在长期养老院的老年人的健康相关生活质量和抑郁症状的影响。方法采用类实验研究设计。在西班牙北部巴斯克地区最大的长期养老院中便利选取41名老年人,并分为干预组(21名)和对照组(20名)。干预组接受50 min中等强度的组合锻炼干预课程(力量和平衡,每周3次,为期3个月)。对照组继续进行他们在长期疗养院中的常规活动。在干预前(基线时)、干预后(12周后)采用健康调查简表(the Short Form Health Survey,SF-36)和简版老年抑郁量表(Geriatric Depression Scale,GDS)对老年人的健康相关生活质量和抑郁症状进行调查,并比较两组的干预效果。结果共38名老年人完成研究(每组19例)。干预组中,干预后老年人身体功能得分比干预前增加11.06分(增加17.2%);角色情感方面得分比干预前提高5.27分(增加29.1%)(P<0.05)。对照组中,干预后老年人社会功能得分比干预前提高13.16分(增加15.4%)。其余参数没有明显的变化,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论尽管本研究结果中组合锻炼对养老院院老年人健康相关的生活质量和抑郁症状的改善没有显示统计学意义,但增加样本量可能证实其有效性。这些结果有助于为未来的研究设计提供信息。Objectives This study aimed to investigate the impact of a multicomponent exercise programme on perceived health-related quality of life(HRQoL)and depressive symptomatology in older people living in a long-term nursing home(LTNH).Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted.Forty-one older people were conveniently selected from the largest LTNH in the Basque Country.The participants were assigned to either an intervention group(n=21)or a control group(n=20).The intervention group participated in 50-min moderate intensity multicomponent physical exercise sessions(strength and balance,three sessions a week for 3 months).The control group participants continued their usual activities in the LTNH.Assessments were completed at baseline and reassessed after the 12-week intervention by the same nurse researchers who filled out the questionnaires:the 36-item Short Form Survey(SF-36)and the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS).Results Thirty-eight participants completed the study(19 participants in each group).In the SF-36 parameters,physical functioning increase in the intervention group tends with a mean increase of 11.06 units(a 17.2%increase over the pre).In the role-emotional,the increase in the intervention group is with a mean increase of 5.27 units(a 29.1%increase over the pre)(P<0.05).In social functioning,the increase in the control group is significant with a mean increase of 13.16 units(a 15.4%increase over the pre)(P<0.05).There are no significant changes in the rest of the parameters,there are no differences between groups in the evolutionary pattern either.Conclusions As for the effects of the multicomponent exercise programme on HRQoL and depressive symptomatology,no statistically significant effects were obtained in the outcome data among older adults living in LTNHs.An increase in the sample size could confirm the trends obtained.The results may help inform the design of future studies.

关 键 词：老年人 抑郁 运动 养老院 生活质量 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]