氧化还原介体介导厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮的研究进展  

Redox mediators-mediated anaerobic ammonium oxidation process for biological nitrogen removal:a review

作　　者：赵星程 贾方旭 蒋伟彧 陈佳熠 刘晨雨 姚宏[1] ZHAO Xingcheng;JIA Fangxu;JIANG Weiyu;CHEN Jiayi;LIU Chenyu;YAO Hong(Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard,School of Environment,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学环境学院,水中典型污染物控制与水质保障北京重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《化工进展》2023年第3期1606-1617,共12页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费自由申报项目(2019JBM088)。

摘　　要：厌氧氨氧化(anaerobic ammonium oxidation,Anammox)工艺被认为是一种高效经济且环境友好的生物脱氮技术,是传统生物脱氮工艺的理想替代。然而,该工艺的核心微生物——厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)生长速度缓慢,导致反应器启动时间长,限制了该工艺的实际应用与推广。因此,如何提高AnAOB活性,进一步缩短反应器启动时间成为亟待解决的问题。氧化还原介体(redox mediator,RMs)作为电子载体,通过加速电子传递过程,可增强AnAOB脱氮酶活性和代谢性能,从而提高整体脱氮效果。本文围绕RMs在强化Anammox性能中的作用进行讨论,介绍了RMs的特性、种类及其基本原理,从Anammox性能、胞外聚合物产量、脱氮酶活性及功能菌丰度等方面综述了RMs对Anammox过程的影响,并对其潜在的机理进行了分析和总结,以期为今后的实际应用提供理论依据和参考价值。Anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox) process is considered as an efficient,economical and environmentally friendly biological nitrogen removal technology,which is an ideal alternative to the conventional biological nitrogen removal process.However,anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AnAOB),as the functional microbes in Anammox process,has slow growth rate,resulting in a long reactor start-up time,which hinders the practical application and promotion of the process.Therefore,it is urgent to enhance the AnAOB activity and further reduce the reactor start-up time.Redox mediators(RMs),as electron carriers,can enhance the activity and metabolic performance of AnAOB nitrogenconverting enzymes by accelerating the electron transfer process,thus improving the overall nitrogen removal effect.This paper discussed the role of RMs in enhancing the Anammox performance,introduced the characteristics and types of RMs,as well as their basic principles,reviewed the effects of RMs on the Anammox process in terms of Anammox performance,extracellular polymeric substances production,nitrogen-converting enzymes activity and functional bacterial abundance,as well as analyzed and summarized the potential mechanism,with a view to providing theoretical basis and reference value for future practical applications.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 氧化还原介体 生物脱氮 工艺强化 电子传递 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]