空气锤钻具组合稳定性动力学因素分析及优化  

Dynamic Factors Analysis and Optimization of Drilling Stability of Air Hammer Drill Assembly

作　　者：林铁军[1] 聂家昌 李露春 赵朝阳 于浩[1] LIN Tiejun;NIE Jiachang;LI Luchun;ZHAO Zhaoyang;YU Hao(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;Drilling and Production Technology Research Institute,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guanghan,Sichuan 618300,China)

机构地区：[1]油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室·西南石油大学,四川省成都市610500 [2]中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司钻采工程技术研究院

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2023年第1期36-41,共6页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项项目“页岩气井裂缝岩体多场耦合蠕变规律及井筒完整性研究”(编号:2020ZYD052);国家自然科学基金项目“深层页岩多级压裂地应力场时空演化及套管失效机理研究”(编号:52104008);国家自然科学基金项目“深层页岩多级分段压裂套管变形容忍限研究”(编号:52274042)。

摘　　要：空气锤钻井过程中由于活塞轴向冲击锤头进行破岩工作,钻柱会产生轴向振动,其中下部钻铤振动常发生以钻铤螺纹断裂为主的失效故障。文章以某井空气锤钻井钻具组合及钻井参数为例,通过有限元法,建立了空气锤钻井全井段钻柱动力学模型,从动力学出发研究下部钻具组合动力学特性,优化空气锤气体钻井钻具组合。研究结果表明:空气锤钻井主要影响下部300 m钻柱,在冲击振动弯扭共同作用下,钻铤螺纹容易产生疲劳失效,模拟结果与现场失效情况相符。优化方案为KQC275空气锤钻井过程中上部接φ279.4 mm钻铤,此时钻柱系统轴向振动最小,全井段钻柱动态钻进稳定性好,对现场空气锤钻井钻具组合方案进行了优化,预防了钻柱失效。该研究对空气锤钻井钻柱动力学行为有了明确认知以及提供了钻柱振动失效预防措施。Rock breaking is carried out by piston axial impact hammer in the process air hammer drilling,which leads to severe axial vibration of drill string,and the vibrations of lower portion of drill collar are the most complex,the most common failure was thread breakage of drill collar.In this paper,taking the BHA and the drilling parameters of air hammer drilling in a well as an example,the dynamic model of entire drill string in the hole of air hammer drilling is established through the finite element method,the BHA dynamic characteristics are studied to optimize the BHA of air hammer drilling.The research results show that length of drill string affected by vibration is approximately 300 m from bottom,the drill collar thread is prone to fatigue failure under the combined action of impact vibration,bending and torsion.The simulation results are consistent with the field failure statistics.In the process of drilling,when the top of the KQC275 air hammer is connected with a φ279.4 mm drill collar,the axial vibration of the drill string system is minimal,and the entire drill string in the hole shows good stability during dynamic drilling,the BHA of air hammer drilling in field is optimized to prevent the drill string failure.In this paper,the dynamic behavior of drill string in air hammer drilling has been clearly recognized and the prevention measures of drill string vibration failure have been provided.

关 键 词：空气锤钻井 钻具组合 轴向振动 稳定性 动力学 钻具优化 失效预防 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]