机抽井口防喷器自动化改造与应用  

Automatic Transformation of Pumping Wellhead Blowout Preventer and Its Application

作　　者：宋正聪 李青 刘卉 SONG Zhengcong;LI Qing;LIU Hui(Northwest Branch Company of Sinopec,Urumchi,Xinjiang 830011,China;Chengdu North Petroleum Exploration and Development Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化西北油田分公司,新疆乌鲁木齐市830011 [2]成都北方石油勘探开发技术有限公司

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2023年第1期159-162,共4页Drilling & Production Technology

摘　　要：目前注氮气三次采油技术是某油田缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏提高采收率的重要手段,随着注氮气轮次增加,气窜问题严重,部分油井机抽生产期间油压由0.5 MPa迅速上升至近30 MPa,给现场生产带来较大井控风险。为此,在常规42 MPa手动双闸板防喷器基础上对采油液控系统、液压双闸板防喷器执行机构、抽油机液压刹车装置等进行自动化改造,实现数据联锁和远程控制,其中液控装置以及执行器均采取可拆卸设备组合而成。改造后的装置可根据油压变化自动控制抽油机停机、防喷器关闭等动作,并反馈防喷器状态等数据信息,通过信息自动化手段实现注氮气井远程实时监控管理、压力异常快速响应处置,提升了现场安全生产水平。现场应用结果表明,该装置在井口油压超过设定值情况下,实现超压自动停机、液压自动刹车、液压自动关闭防喷器等功能,有效减少环境破坏、产量损失,杜绝井喷事故,具有较好的推广前景。At present,nitrogen injection technology for tertiary oil recovery is an important way to improve oil recovery of fracture-vug carbonate reservoir in X Oilfield.With the increase of nitrogen injection rounds,the problem of gas channeling is serious.During the production of pumping in some oil wells,the oil pressure rises rapidly from 0.5 MPa to nearly 30 MPa,which brings greater well control risk to the on-site production.Therefore,on the basis of conventional 42 MPa manual double ram BOP,automatic transformation including oil production hydraulic control system,the actuator of hydraulic double ram BOP and the hydraulic brake device of pumping unit and other devices are carried out to realize data interlocking and remote control.The hydraulic control device and actuator are composed of detachable equipment.The reformed device can automatically control the shutdown of the pumping unit and the shutdown of the blowout preventer according to the change of oil pressure,and feedback the data information such as the status of the blowout preventer.Through the automatic means of information,the remote real-time monitoring and management of nitrogen injection wells and the rapid response and disposal of pressure anomalies are realized,which improves the safety level of field production.The field application results show that when the wellhead oil pressure exceeds the set value,the device can realize the functions of overpressure automatic shutdown,hydraulic automatic braking and hydraulic automatic shutdown of blowout preventer,effectively reduce environmental pollution and production loss,and eliminate blowout accidents,so this product has a great application prospect.

关 键 词：气窜 机抽井口 防喷器 自动化改造 井控 

分 类 号：TE931.1[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]