不同种类寄主对柑橘黄龙病菌侵染能力及虫媒适应性的影响  

Effects of host plant species on the infection ability of “ Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” and adaptability of Diaphorina citri

作　　者：吴丰年 谢素金 赵雅轩 许鹏彬 李俊杰 肖朝锦 林晓娜 杨少辉 岑伊静 黄剑坚 WU Feng-Nian;XIE Su-Jin;ZHAO Ya-Xuan;XU Peng-Bin;LI Jun-Jie;XIAO Chao-Jin;LIN Xiao-Na;YANG Shao-Hui;CEN Yi-Jing;HUANG Jian-Jian(School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou 521041,Guangdong Province,China;Pomology Research Institute of Chaozhou,Chaozhou 515726,Guangdong Province,China;College of Plant Protection,South China Agriculture University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院生命科学与食品工程学院,广东潮州521041 [2]潮州市果树研究所,广东潮州515726 [3]华南农业大学植物保护学院,广州510642

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2023年第1期63-72,共10页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：“博士工作站建设补助资金”项目(2018年潮州市博士工作站建站补助);韩山师范学院校级项目(QD202122,QD202123);广东省粤东药食资源功能物质与治未病研究重点实验室基金(2021B1212040015)。

摘　　要：柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri是柑橘黄龙病菌“Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”的主要媒介昆虫,探明不同植物种类寄主对柑橘黄龙病菌侵染能力及柑橘木虱适应性的影响,在设计黄龙病防控策略及寄主抗性研究中具有参考价值。本文选取蕉柑Citrus reticulata、蜜柚Citrus grandis、黄皮Clausena lansium和九里香Murraya exotica为研究材料,对比其田间植株黄龙病发病率和柑橘木虱数量及带菌情况,并在实验室条件下比较柑橘木虱对不同寄主的适应性(包括发育历期、存活率、携菌能力和传菌能力)。结果发现:(1)田间蕉柑和蜜柚的感染率最高,分别为47%和37%;而黄皮和九里香的带菌率较低,分别为18%和4%,且菌浓度均较轻微;(2)田间九里香上柑橘木虱卵、若虫及成虫数量均最多,蕉柑和黄皮其次,蜜柚最少,但蕉柑和蜜柚上柑橘木虱的携菌率和携菌量最高;(3)4种寄主上柑橘木虱卵和1~3龄若虫的发育历期没有显著性差异,柑橘木虱4龄、5龄若虫和总若虫历期在九里香上最短,而在蜜柚上最长;4种寄主上4龄、5龄若虫存活率没有显著性差异,但蜜柚上木虱卵的孵化率、1~3龄及总若虫存活率最低。(4)蕉柑和蜜柚上带菌木虱的携菌能力及传菌能力最高,其次为黄皮,九里香最低。该研究证明了除了寄主植物本身抗病性差异外,虫媒对寄主植物的适应性差异也是造成田间黄龙病发病差异的重要因素。Diaphorina citri is the insect vector of“Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”(CLas),investigating whether the plant host species can affect the infection ability of CLas and adaptability of D.citri,is invaluable in designing prevention and control methods,and the research of host resistance to citrus Huanglongbing(HLB).In this study,orchards of Citrus reticulata cv.Tankan,Citrus grandis(pomelo),Clausena lansium(wampee),and Murraya exotica(orange jasmine)were selected,the incidence of HLB and the number and HLB pathogen-infected conditions of D.citri were compared.The adaptability of D.citri were also compared under experimental condition,including development stages,relative survival,and the ability to persist and transmit CLas.The results indicated that(1)Tankan(47%)and pomelo(37%)in the field had the highest CLas infection rates,while the rates of wampee(18%)and orange jasmine(4%)were lowest with a‘slight’average relative concentration.(2)The numbers of D.citri eggs,nymphs and adults on orange jasmine were the highest,followed by Tankan and wampee species,while the lowest vector concentrations were observed on pomelo,although infection rates and relative concentrations on Tankan and pomelo were the highest.(3)There was no significant difference in the development duration of the eggs nor between 1 st to 3 rd instar nymphs among the four host species.The developmental durations of the 4 th and 5 th instar nymphs and the total duration for nymphal stages were significantly lower on orange jasmine than on the other host species;the developmental duration was longest on pomelo.There was no significant difference in the survival rates of 4 th or 5 th instar nymphs among the four hosts,while the survival rates of egg,between 1 st and 3 rd instar and total nymphal survival on pomelo was the lowest.(4)The pathogen was persisted and transmitted more effectively by D.citri on Tankan and pomelo,followed by wampee and orange jasmine.The study conclude in addition to the differences in plant resistance,the adaptabilit

关 键 词：柑橘黄龙病 柑橘木虱 生命表 携菌 传菌 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]