茶园黑刺粉虱越冬虫态及空间分布型研究  

Study on overwintering stage and spatial distribution pattern of Aleurocanthus spiniferus in tea plantation

作　　者：刘梦圆 王枫荻 赵亚津 刘亚男 康志伟 许永玉[1] 陈珍珍 LIU Meng-Yuan;WANG Feng-Di;ZHAO Ya-Jin;LIU Ya-Nan;KANG Zhi-Wei;XU Yong-Yu;CHEN Zhen-Zhen(College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai an 271017,Shandong Province,China;Dalian Customs,Liaoning 116001,Dalian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系,山东泰安271018 [2]大连海关,辽宁大连116001

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2023年第1期73-82,共10页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：山东省茶叶产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-19-04)。

摘　　要：黑刺粉虱Aleurocanthus spiuiferus是茶园重要害虫之一,为明确黑刺粉虱在北方茶园的越冬分布型及越冬虫态,通过对茶园黑刺粉虱越冬代虫源进行调查,分冠层统计不同越冬时期各虫态的发生量,利用聚集度指标分析、m~*-m回归方程分析和Taylor幂法则回归方程分析其空间分布型。结果显示黑刺粉虱越冬代田间分布型为聚集分布,种群聚集均数λ>2,聚集原因为种群自身产卵习性与环境因素共同作用结果;各虫态在茶树冠层间的分布存在差异,卵和1龄若虫主要分布于树冠中、上部,3龄、4龄若虫和伪蛹主要分布于树冠中、下部;随着越冬时间推移,卵和低龄若虫占比逐渐减少,至越冬结束黑刺粉虱4龄若虫和伪蛹占种群总量的80%。本研究明确了黑刺粉虱在北方茶园以各龄若虫和伪蛹越冬,越冬期间可缓慢发育至4龄若虫和伪蛹,越冬代田间分布型为聚集分布,研究结果可为黑刺粉虱精准预测预报和合理制定综合防治措施提供技术支持。Aleurocanthus spiuiferus is one of the most important pests in the tea plantation.To clarify the overwinter characteristic of A.spiuiferus in northern tea plantation,the overwintering stage and spatial distribution patterns of A.spiuiferus in the tea plantation of Tai an was investigated.The spatial distribution was analyzed by aggregation index analysis,m-m regression equation analysis and Taylor power law regression equation analysis.Results showed that the field distribution pattern of A.spiuiferus overwintering generation was aggregation distribution,and the mean number of population aggregation was more than 2(λ>2),which was caused by the interaction of population oviposition habit and environmental factors.Distribution of different stages of A.spiuiferus in tea canopy was different.Eggs and first instar nymphs were mainly distributed in the middle and upper part of the crown,while the third and fourth instar nymphs and pseudopupa were mainly distributed in the middle and lower part of the crown.From November to April,populations of eggs,1 st and 2 nd nymphs gradually decreased whereas the population of 3 rd and 4 th instar nymphs and pseudopupa of A.spiuiferus increased.In April,80%of sampling A.spiuiferus were 4 th instar nymphs and pseudopupa.At the end of overwintering,4 th instar nymphs and pseudopupa of A.spiuiferus accounted for 80%of the total population.This study confirmed that A.spiuiferus can overwintered in all instars of nymphs and pseudopupae,and it could slowly develop into the fourth instar nymphs and pseudopupae during overwintering.The spatial distribution pattern of overwintering generation was aggregation distribution.All of these results provided technical support for accurate prediction and formulate suitable comprehensive protection measures of A.spiuiferus.

关 键 词：黑刺粉虱 扣棚茶园 越冬虫态 空间分布型 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]