3种除草剂对七星瓢虫的急性毒性与初级风险评估  

Acute toxicity and primary risk assessment of three herbicides to Coccinella septempunctata

作　　者：蒋立奔 须秋静 张普娟 郭成宝[1] 田厚军[2,3] 曹荣祥 JIANG Li-Ben;XU Qiu-Jing;ZHANG Pu-Juan;GUO Cheng-Bao;TIAN Hou-Jun;CAO Rong-Xiang(Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Hilly Area,Nanjing 210046,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China;China Agricultural Biosecurity Science Center East China Sub-Center,Fuzhou 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏丘陵地区南京农业科学研究所,南京210046 [2]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所,福州350013 [3]国家农业生物安全中心华东分中心,福州350013

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2023年第1期196-203,共8页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：江苏现代农业(草莓)产业技术体系(JATS[2022]008);亚夫科技服务项目(KF(20)1021)。

摘　　要：为了评估除草剂对七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata的毒性影响和初级风险,采用药膜法进行了3种除草剂的急性接触毒性测试,并评估其初级风险。结果表明:10%噁唑酰草胺乳油、10%噁嗪草酮悬浮剂和20%异噁唑草酮悬浮剂对七星瓢虫的急性接触毒性分别为LR_(50)>3.61×10^(2)g a.i./ha,LR_(50)>1.485×10^(2) g a.i./ha,LR_(50)>3.60×10^(2) g a.i./ha。10%噁唑酰草胺乳油、10%噁嗪草酮悬浮剂和20%异噁唑草酮悬浮剂的相对安全系数<5,属于中等及以下风险农药,对七星瓢虫的农田内和农田外喷雾场景风险均可接受(危害商分别为HQ_(in)<0.997,HQ_(in)<2.000,HQ_(in)<1.000,HQ_(in)均<5;HQ_(off)<0.020,HQ_(off)<0.020,HQ_(off)<0.020,HQ_(off)均<5)。综上所述,上述3种除草剂在田间应用时对七星瓢虫安全。In order to evaluate the toxic effects and risks of herbicides on Coccinella septempunctata,the acute contact toxicity tests of 10%metamifop emulsifiable concentrate(EC),10%oxaziclomefone suspension concentrate(SC)and 20%isoxaflutole suspension concentrate(SC)to C.septempunctata were conducted by tube method.The results showed that toxicity LR_(50) of 10%metamifop emulsifiable concentrate(EC),10%oxaziclomefone suspension concentrate(SC)and 20%isoxaflutole suspension concentrate(SC)to the C.septempunctatas were>3.61×10^(2) g a.i./ha,>1.485×10^(2) g a.i./ha,>3.60×10^(2) g a.i./ha.The relative safety factors of 10%metamifop emulsifiable concentrate(EC),10%oxaziclomefone suspension concentrate(SC)and 20%isoxaflutole suspension concentrate(SC)were less than or equal to 5,which belonged to medium and below-risk pesticides.The risk of 10%metamifop emulsifiable concentrate(EC),10%oxaziclomefone suspension concentrate(SC)and 20%isoxaflutole suspension concentrate(SC)to C.septempunctata were acceptable for in-field and off-field exposure scenario(hazard quotients respectively,HQ_(in)<0.997,HQ_(in)<2.000,HQ_(in)<1.000,HQ_(off)<0.020,HQ_(off)<0.020,HQ_(off)<0.020,all HQ_(in) and HQ_(off)<5).In conclusion,the above three herbicides were safe for C.septempunctata when applied in the field.

关 键 词：除草剂 七星瓢虫 急性毒性 环境风险评估 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]