煤矸石基泡沫陶瓷的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Coal Gangue-Based Foamed Ceramics

作　　者：张敬浩 孟凡会[1] 王丽娜[1] 戴露霏 姚隆帆 李忠[1] ZHANG Jinghao;MENG Fanhui;WANG Lina;DAI Lufei;YAO Longfan;LI Zhong(State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学,省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室,太原030024

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2023年第3期960-969,共10页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划(202102090301026,201803D421011)。

摘　　要：以煤矸石和废玻璃为主要原料制备泡沫陶瓷,研究了煅烧温度和Na_(3)PO_(4)添加量对泡沫陶瓷的物相结构、显气孔率、抗压强度及表观密度等的影响。结果表明:陶瓷样品的线性膨胀率随煅烧温度的升高而逐渐增加,表观密度随煅烧温度的升高而逐渐降低;提高煅烧温度或Na_(3)PO_(4)添加量使泡沫陶瓷的平均孔径、显气孔率逐渐增加,抗压强度下降,表观密度呈不同的变化趋势,但未明显影响晶体结构。通过优化制备条件发现,当Na_(3)PO_(4)添加量为3%(质量分数)、煅烧温度为1140℃时,样品孔径均匀,平均孔径为0.92 mm,抗压强度达到4.72 MPa,表观密度为0.69 g/cm^(3)。本研究的煤矸石基泡沫陶瓷制备工艺简单,成本低,为煤矸石资源化利用提供了一条可行途径。Coal gangue and waste glass were used as main raw materials to prepare foamed ceramics.The effects of calcination temperature and content of Na_(3)PO_(4) on phase structure,apparent porosity,compressive strength and apparent density of foamed ceramics were studied.The results show that,as the calcination temperature increases,the linear expansion rate of foamed ceramics samples gradually increases,while the apparent density gradually decreases.The average pore diameter and apparent porosity of foamed ceramics gradually increase and the compressive strength decreases as the calcination temperature or the Na_(3)PO_(4) content increases,while the apparent density shows different trends and the crystallite structure of the sample changes very slightly.By optimizing the preparation conditions,it is found that when the content of Na_(3)PO_(4) is 3%(mass fraction)at the calcination temperature of 1140℃,the prepared foamed ceramics exhibits uniform pore structure with the average pore diameter of 0.92 mm,the compressive strength reaches as high as 4.72 MPa,and the apparent density achieves 0.69 g/cm^(3).The preparation process of foamed ceramics based on coal gangue is simple and the cost is low,which provides a feasible way for the utilization of coal gangue resources.

关 键 词：泡沫陶瓷 煤矸石 废玻璃 煅烧温度 Na_(3)PO_(4) 孔结构 

分 类 号：TQ174.7[化学工程—陶瓷工业]