凝胶注模-发泡法制备煤矸石多孔吸声材料的工艺研究  

Preparation of Coal Gangue Porous Sound Absorbing Materials by Gel Injection-Foaming Method

作　　者：黄学辉[1] 常宇 宋晓展 杨娜 HUANG Xuehui;CHANG Yu;SONG Xiaozhan;YANG Na(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2023年第3期970-977,共8页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

摘　　要：本文以煤矸石为基体组分,以十二烷基硫酸钠为发泡剂,以氯化铵为促凝剂,以硼砂为烧结助剂结合凝胶注模法及发泡法制备了多孔吸声材料,并研究了水固比、胶凝剂含量和烧结温度等因素对浆料黏度和多孔吸声材料显气孔率、吸声系数以及抗折强度的影响,最终制得显气孔率为49.54%、1600 Hz频段吸声系数为0.953、抗折强度为2.67 MPa的多孔吸声材料。结果表明:水固比对浆料的黏度和多孔吸声材料显气孔率、吸声系数以及抗折强度都有显著影响;胶凝剂含量主要影响材料的显气孔率,进而影响材料的抗折强度;烧结温度主要影响材料的孔径分布,进而影响材料不同频段的吸声系数。水固比0.35、胶凝剂含量35%(质量分数)、烧结温度700℃为最佳制备工艺参数。In this paper,porous sound absorbing materials were prepared by using coal gangue as the matrix component,sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)as the foaming agent,ammonium chloride as the coagulant,and borax as the sintering aid in combination with gel injection method and foaming method.And the effects of factors such as water-solid ratio,gelling agent content and sintering temperature on the viscosity of slurry,the apparent porosity,sound absorption coefficient and flexural strength of porous sound absorbing material were studied.The porous sound absorbing material with 49.54%apparent porosity,0.953 sound absorption coefficient in the frequency band of 1600 Hz and 2.67 MPa flexural strength is finally produced.The results show that the water-solid ratio has significant effects on the viscosity of slurry,the apparent porosity,sound absorption coefficient and flexural strength of porous sound absorbing material,the gelling agent content mainly affects the porosity and thus the flexural strength of the material,and the sintering temperature mainly affects the pore size distribution and thus affects the sound absorption coefficient of the material at different frequency bands.The water-solid ratio of 0.35,gelling agent content of 35%(mass fraction)and sintering temperature of 700℃are the best preparation process parameters.

关 键 词：多孔吸声材料 煤矸石 凝胶注模法 发泡法 吸声系数 

分 类 号：TB321[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]