两种不同散养模式对河田鸡生长性能、肉品质及血清生化、免疫、抗氧化指标的影响  

Effects of two different free-range rearing modes on growth performance, meat quality and serum biochemical indicator, immune and antioxidant indices of Hetian-chickens

作　　者：高承芳[1] GAO Chengfang(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding,Fujian Academy of Agricultural,Fuzhou 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/福建省畜禽遗传育种重点实验室,福州350013

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第6期43-48,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家绿肥产业技术体系项目(CARS-22);福建省人民政府中国农业科学院农业高质量发展超越协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021010);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队项目(CXTD2021015-2)。

摘　　要：为了明确林下自然草场放牧和林下人工草场放牧模式对河田鸡生长性能、肉品质及血清生化、免疫、抗氧化指标的影响,试验将300只体况相近的30日龄健康河田鸡(公母各半)随机分成林下自然草场放牧组(对照组)和林下人工草场放牧组,每组150只。对照组林地不经过处理自然放牧饲养河田鸡,林下人工草场放牧组林地种植各种混播牧草品种,待草地封垄后进行放牧饲养河田鸡,两组均补饲全价颗粒饲料,均放牧100 d后出栏,出栏后测定试验鸡只生长性能指标(初始重、末重、平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比)、肉品质指标(蛋白质、总氨基酸、粗脂肪、水分)、血清生化指标(总蛋白、白蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷氨酸氨基转移酶、尿酸、尿素氮、葡萄糖、三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇)、免疫指标[白细胞介素-2 (IL-2)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)]与抗氧化指标[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)]。结果表明:与对照组比较,林下人工草场放牧组平均日采食量、料重比极显著降低了7.2%和10.3%(P<0.01),肌肉中总氨基酸含量,血清中IL-2、IgG、IgM质量浓度和T-AOC均分别极显著升高了121.7%、50.9%、40.2%、39.8%、42.4%(P<0.01),肌肉中粗脂肪含量和血清中MDA浓度分别显著和极显著降低了4.5%(P<0.05)和54.1%(P<0.01),SOD活性显著升高了18.8%(P<0.05),谷氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),尿酸、尿素氮、三酰甘油、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度极显著降低(P<0.01),葡萄糖含量极显著升高(P<0.01),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度显著升高(P<0.05);但林下人工草场放牧组河田鸡初始重、末重、平均日增重及肌肉中蛋白质质量浓度、水分含量和血清中总蛋白、白蛋白质量浓度,乳酸脱氢酶和碱性磷�In order to study the effects of natural grassland and artificial grass under forest on growth performance, meat quality, serum biochemical indicator, immune and antioxidant indexes of Hetian-chickens, a total of 300 30-day-old healthy Hetian-chickens(half male and half female) with similar body conditions were randomly divided into natural pasture grazing group under forest(CK group) and artificial grass grazing group under forest group. Each group consisted of 150 animals. The Hetian-chickens in the CK group were grazed naturally on untreated forest land. The forest land of the artificial grass grazing under forest group was used to plant a variety of mixed pasture varieties, and then were used for grazing and raising Hetian-chickens after the grassland was furrowed. The chickens in both groups were supplemented with full-priced pellet feed. The Hetian-chickens were released after grazing for 100 days to determine the growth performance indexes(initial weight, final weight, average daily feed intake, average daily gain, and feed to gain ratio), meat quality(protein, total amino acid, crude fat, water), serum biochemical indices(total protein, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate aminotransferase, uric acid, urea nitrogen, glucose, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol), immune indices(IL-2, IgM, and IgG) and antioxidant indices(SOD, GSH-Px, MDA and T-AOC) of Hetian-chickens. The results showed that compared with the CK group, the average daily gain and feed to gain ratio of Hetian-chickens in the artificial grass grazing under forest group were significantly decreased by 7.2% and 10.3%(P<0.01);the total amino acid content in muscle, the mass concentration of IL-2, IgG, IgM and T-AOC in serum were significantly increased by 121.7%, 50.9%, 40.2%, 39.8% and 42.4%(P<0.01);the crude fat content in muscle and MDA concentration in serm was significantly and extremely significant decreased by 4.5%(P<0.05) and 54.1%(P<0.01);the SOD activity was significant increa

关 键 词：林下人工草场 放牧 河田鸡 血清生化指标 抗氧化性能 免疫性能 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]