青藏高原地表大气氧含量空间格局及自然地带“三维分异”的新认识  

Spatial pattern of oxygen concentration and"three-dimensional zonation"in the natural zone on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：史培军[1,2,3] 胡小康 陈彦强 张慧 杨合仪[1,4] 胡金鹏 杨雯倩 贾伟 马伟东 姜璐[2,4,5] 张钢锋 蒲小燕 郝力壮[6] 王静爱 朱文泉 马永贵[2,5] 唐海萍 陈志 SHI Peijun;HU Xiaokang;CHEN Yanqiang;ZHANG Hui;YANG Heyi;HU Jinpeng;YANG Wenqian;JIA Wei;MA Weidong;JIANG Lu;ZHANG Gangfeng;PU Xiaoyan;HAO Lizhuang;WANG Jing'ai;ZHU Wenquan;MA Yonggui;TANG Haiping;CHEN Zhi(State Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability,People's Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University,Xining 810016,China;Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management,Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]青海省人民政府—北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院,西宁810016 [3]应急管理部—教育部减灾与应急管理研究院,北京100875 [4]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [5]青海师范大学,西宁810016 [6]青海大学,西宁810016 [7]四川大学,成都610065

出　　处：《地理学报》2023年第3期532-547,共16页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0606)。

摘　　要：青藏高原地表氧含量是海拔、地势、气候、水域、植被、土壤综合作用的结果,其中海拔、气温、植被覆盖度与叶面积指数的相对贡献分别为-39.58%、35.50%、24.92%。青藏高原地表氧含量首先呈现东南向西北递减的差异,这主要与依赖水热条件的植被产氧有关;其次是东西延伸、南北更替的差异,这主要与依赖气温与地势的大气压对氧含量的影响有关;第三是随海拔变化的垂直分异,这主要与依赖地势、气温的大气压,以及依赖温度与水分的植被产氧有关。地表氧含量可以定量展现地表自然地理特征的时空格局,据此,本文把青藏高原自然地带划分为3个一级区、17个二级区,即:东南部亚热带森林—森林草原区域,地表年均氧含量为20.35%,7月平均值为20.45%,1月平均值为20.27%,含2个二级区;东部温带森林—草原—草甸区域,地表年均氧含量为20.10%,7月平均值为20.23%,1月平均值为20.00%,含5个二级区;西部寒带温带草原—荒漠—草甸区域,地表年均氧含量为20.00%,7月平均值为20.10%,1月平均值为19.91%,含10个二级区。The earth surface oxygen concentration on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the result of the combined effect of multi-factors,such as elevation,topography,climate,water,vegetation,and soil,among them,the relative contributions of altitude,temperature,vegetation coverage and leaf area index are-39.58%,35.50%,and 24.92%,respectively.The earth surface oxygen concentration on the plateau primarily shows the difference from southeast to northwest,which is mainly related to the effect of vegetation on oxygen production depending on precipitation;secondly shows the difference on east-west extension and north-south turnover,which is mainly related to the effect of atmospheric pressure on relative oxygen concentration depending on temperature and terrain;thirdly shows the vertical zonation,which is mainly related to the effect of atmospheric pressure on the relative oxygen concentration depending on the terrain and temperature,bond with the effect of vegetation on oxygen production depending on temperature and precipitation.The earth surface oxygen concentration can quantitatively reveal the spatio-temporal pattern of the physiographical characteristics of the earth surface.Accordingly,we divide the natural zone of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau into 3 first-grade regions and 17 second-grade zones.In the southeastern subtropical forest-forest steppe region,including 2 second-grade zones,the annual average oxygen concentration is 20.35%,the average oxygen concentration in July is 20.45%,and the average oxygen concentration in January is 20.27%.In the eastern temperate forest-steppe region,including 5 second-grade zones,the annual average oxygen concentration is 20.10%,the average oxygen concentration in July is 20.23%,and the average oxygen concentration in January is 20.00%.In the western cold temperate grassland-desert-steppe region,including 10 second-grade zones,the annual average oxygen concentration is 20.00%,the average oxygen concentration in July is 20.10%,and the average oxygen concentration in January is 19.91%.

关 键 词：青藏高原 地表氧含量 自然要素综合体 三维自然地带 第二次青藏科考 

分 类 号：P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]