排污费征收标准调高、技术进步与企业能源效率  

Raise of Pollution Levy Standard,Technological Progress and Enterprise Energy Efficiency

作　　者：张平淡[1] 屠西伟 ZHANG Ping-dan;TU Xi-wei(Business School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《经济管理》2023年第2期23-38,共16页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“习近平总书记的绿色发展理念研究”(20JZD002)。

摘　　要：稳步改善企业能源效率,对推动企业绿色低碳转型具有基础性作用。本文基于中国工业企业数据与污染排放数据,利用排污费征收标准调高这一准自然实验,检验环境规制强化对企业能源效率的影响及其作用机制。基准分析表明,调高排污费征收标准能够显著提升企业能源效率。机制分析发现,调高排污费征收标准促进了企业资本体现式技术进步,带来了企业资本产出弹性的上升,但没有提高以全要素生产率表征的中性技术进步,没有观察到调高排污费征收标准带来企业专利数量和专利质量的显著提升。异质性分析表明,调高排污费征收标准对于国有企业、清洁行业、低资源禀赋地区的企业能源效率改进作用更强。进一步研究发现,调高排污费征收标准能够压减企业能源消费、协同推进大气污染减排,但对企业水资源利用和水污染减排并未起到显著作用。本文为进一步完善现有生态环境制度体系、强化环境规制和推进企业减污降碳协同增效提供了重要的政策启示。The"double carbon"goal has been included in the important framework of the country's medium-and long-term development,and has become an important guide for economic and social development.During the"Fourteenth Five Year Plan"period,the construction of ecological civilization entered a critical period with carbon reduction as the key strategic direction.Accordingly,there is an urgent need to discuss the carbon reduction effect and its mechanism of the existing ecological environment system,so as to synergistically promote the synergy of enterprise pollution reduction and carbon reduction.Unfortunately,existing studies only focus on the impact of environmental regulation on macro scale energy efficiency,such as the impact of carbon financial market on urban energy efficiency,the impact of pollution charge collection,and the impact of operating costs of waste gas and wastewater treatment facilities on provincial energy efficiency.Some recent studies have examined the impact of environmental regulation intensity on energy efficiency of enterprises,and few literatures have examined the policy effect of environmental regulation on energy efficiency of micro enterprises.Considering that macro aggregated data often distort the real causal effect between variables,it is necessary to discuss the impact of environmental regulation on enterprise energy efficiency and its mechanism.Based on the data of Chinese industrial enterprises and pollution emissions,the impact of environmental tax increase on energy efficiency and its mechanism are tested by using the quasi natural experiment of pollution levy standard adjustment.The benchmark conclusion shows that the raise of pollution levy standard can significantly improve the energy efficiency of enterprises.The mechanism analysis found that the raise of pollution levy standard has promoted the enterprise capital embodied technological progress,which brings about the increase of the elasticity of enterprise capital output,but has not improved the neutral technological progress rep

关 键 词：排污费 能源效率 技术进步 波特假说 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]