石岛湾核电站周边地表γ辐射水平调查及影响因素研究  

Terrestrial gamma radiation level around Shidaowan nuclear power plant,China and influencing factors

作　　者：齐晨阳 张巍[2] 张显鹏[2] 柳怡[2] 凤志慧[1] QI Chenyang;ZHANG Wei;ZHANG Xianpeng;LIU Yi;FENG Zhihui(School of Public Health,Shandong University,Jinan 250012 China;Institute for Public Health Surveillance and Evaluation,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan 250014 China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院,山东济南250012 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测评价所,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2023年第1期15-20,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202012071286)。

摘　　要：目的 对山东省石岛湾核电站运行前周边地表γ辐射累积剂量进行监测,分析剂量水平和影响因素,推算当地居民年有效剂量。方法 选择核电站周边30 km内56个监测点,采用热释光剂量片监测法测量环境γ辐射剂量,在2021年4个监测期(第1至4期分别为2021年1月16日—4月14日、4月15日—7月20日、7月21日—10月21日和10月22日—2022年1月20日)共369天进行γ辐射剂量水平调查,分析其与监测时间、海拔高度和核电站距离之间的关系,并推算地表γ辐射造成的居民年有效剂量,来反映该区域的地表γ辐射本底水平。结果 该区域在4个监测期内地表γ辐射剂量率平均值分别为(76.196±3.366)、(81.773±6.144)、(93.554±7.449)和(97.604±9.396)nGy/h,全年地表γ辐射剂量率为(87.282±6.589) nGy/h,对人体造成的有效剂量为0.428 mSv。地表γ辐射水平在2021年7月—2022年1月份较高,距离核电站不同距离组的监测点γ辐射剂量率差异没有统计学意义,本研究结果中未见海拔高度对地表γ辐射剂量的影响。结论 石岛湾核电站周边地表2021年地表γ辐射水平处于本底水平。Objective To monitor the cumulative terrestrial γ radiation dose around Shidaowan nuclear power plant,Shandong,China before operation,to analyze the dose levels and influencing factors,and to estimate the annual effective dose to local residents.Methods Fifty-six monitoring sites were selected within 30 km around the nuclear power plant.The environmental γ radiation dose was measured by the thermoluminescence dosimeter monitoring method.The γ radiation dose levels were investigated for 369 days in four monitoring periods(January 16 to April 14,April 15 to July 20,July 21 to October 21,2021,and October 22,2021 to January 20,2022 for periods I to IV,respectively).Relations between γ radiation and monitoring time,altitude,distance from the nuclear power plant were analyzed,and the annual effective dose of terrestrial γ radiation to residents was estimated to reflect the background terrestrial γ radiation level in the area.Results The average values of terrestrial γ radiation dose rate in the four monitoring periods in the area were(76.196 ± 3.366),(81.773 ±6.144),(93.554 ± 7.449),and(97.604 ± 9.396) nGy/h,respectively,and the terrestrial γ radiation dose rate in the whole year was(87.282 ± 6.589) nGy/h.The effective dose to residents was 0.428 mSv.The terrestrial γ radiation level was high from July2021 to January 2022.There was no significant difference in the γ radiation dose rate at the monitoring sites with different distance from the nuclear power plant.No impact upon the terrestrial γ radiation dose by the altitude was observed in this study.Conclusion The terrestrial γ radiation level around Shidaowan nuclear power plant in 2021 was at the background level.

关 键 词：地表γ辐射 热释光测量 剂量率 有效剂量 核电站 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]