上代日本汉文中的古汉语存在句式研究  

Chinese existential sentences in ancient Japanese Kambun

作　　者：马绍华 MA Shaohua

机构地区：[1]华侨大学外国语学院,泉州

出　　处：《中国语文》2023年第2期199-206,255,256,共10页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金一般项目“域外日本汉文中古汉语句法结构的演变及影响研究”(22BYY187)的阶段研究成果。

摘　　要：古汉语存在句式“有”字句和“在”字句在上代日本汉文中的误用都存在三种情况:“有”字句语序颠倒、无主“有”字句、“有”和“在”的混淆;“在”字句语序颠倒、“在”字的滥用、“於”字的赘用。这些误用都是由“和习”问题引起,即受到日语的语法特征影响所致。具体表现为有的受日语语序影响,有的受日语的语法现象影响,有的受日语表记影响。Existential sentences with you(有) and zai(在) in Classical Chinese are sometimes misused in Japanese Kambun.For those with you,the word order of you and the object may be reversed,the subject may be absent,and there could be a confusion between you and zai.Existential sentences with zai in Japanese Kambun may also present reversed word order,the excessive use of zai,and the redundant use of yu(於).These misuses are all caused by “Washu”,that is,the distinctive features of the Japanese such as its word order,grammar,and Japanese notations of Chinese characters.

关 键 词：上代日本汉文 “有”字句 “在”字句 “和习” 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语] H36