直驱风电机组中发电机与机架螺栓连接的优化设计  

Optimization design of bolted joint between generator and mainframe in direct-drive wind turbines

作　　者：刘兆 周慧珠 LIU Zhao;ZHOU Hui-zhu(CGC Certification,Beijing 100013;CCS Certification,Beijing 100006)

机构地区：[1]北京鉴衡认证中心有限公司,北京100013 [2]中国船级社质量认证公司,北京100006

出　　处：《机械设计》2023年第2期118-125,共8页Journal of Machine Design

摘　　要：文中针对风力发电机组的螺栓连接设计,以某厂家直驱发电机主轴与机架的双层螺栓连接设计为例,采用工程计算和有限元方法进行了螺栓应力和疲劳计算对比,发现两者在应力分布和应力数值上均存在较大差异。内层螺栓的弯矩应力有限元计算结果分布特殊,经过对接触状态的分析,获知此种现象是由接触面变形导致滑移所致。因此,对于风力发电机组中的大尺寸、大分布圆直径的螺栓连接,由于被连接部件的变形和接触面滑移问题,螺栓弯曲应力已经严重影响了其设计强度和寿命,而采用简单的工程计算无法考虑弯矩应力,已经不能指导设计,应采用有限元方法综合分析被连接部件和螺栓的变形与受力,以保证设计的充分可靠。For the design of the bolted-joint of wind turbines,this article focuses on the double-row bolt joint of a direct-drive generator shaft and mainframe.The bolt stress and fatigue are subject to calculation,and the results are compared by means of the engineering formula and the finite-element method.It is found that there is major difference in terms of stress distribution and stress values.The finite-element results of the bending moment stress of the inner-circle bolts show special distribution;after the analysis on the contact state,it is found that this phenomenon is caused by the slip due to deformation of the contact surface.Therefore,for the bolted joint with large size and distribution as well as circle diameter in wind turbines,the bending stress seriously affects the design strength and life due to deformation of the connected parts and the contact-surface slip,and the moment stress cannot be considered by means of the engineering formula,which can no longer provide guidance.Therefore,the finite-element method should be used to explore deformation and stress of connected parts and bolts,so as to ensure that the proposed design is fully reliable.

关 键 词：风力发电机组 有限元方法 螺栓连接 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程] TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]