信江底泥重金属富集来源及生态风险评估  

Enrichment sources and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediment of Xinjiang River

作　　者：方正 莫子奋 黄启伟 高柏[1,2] 张海阳 蒋文波 刘圣峰 丁燕 史天成 FANG Zheng;MO Zi-fen;HUANG Qi-wei;GAO Bai;ZHANG Hai-yang;JIANG Wen-bo;LIU Sheng-feng;DING Yan;SHI Tian-cheng(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang,330013,Jiangxi,China;School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,Jiangxi,China;Nuclear Industry Geological Bureau of Jiangxi Province brigade two hundred sixty five,Yingtan 335000,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点试验室,江西南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院,江西南昌330013 [3]江西省核工业地质局二六五大队,江西鹰潭330500

出　　处：《地下水》2023年第1期116-121,共6页Ground water

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41162007,41362011);江西省重点研发计划(2018ACG70023)。

摘　　要：信江是鄱阳湖水系五大河流之一,对鄱阳湖的人文经济、生态环境具有重要意义,其流经的鹰潭市是国内重要的有色金属生产基地,因此其重金属污染问题倍受关注。为研究信江底泥中重金属的富集来源与生态风险评估,在信江采集18个底泥样本,确定出信江底泥中重金属As、Hg、Cu、Pb、Cd、Ni和Cr的污染水平、生态风险状况和污染来源。结果表明:Hg、Cd、Pb、Cu的平均浓度均超过背景值,其中Cd超背景值52.76倍,污染程度最高。信江两岸污染具有“南重北轻”的特点,归因于南岸发展相对完善,人为干预因素较大。生态风险评估采用修正污染程度、地质累积指数和潜在生态风险指数的方法,单因子危险系数最高的是Cd和Cu,其余重金属污染程度在未污染至轻微污染之间,潜在生态风险呈上游>中游>下游的趋势,城市中上游受人为因素影响处于强生态风险状态,需要采取排放限制、污染修复措施来抑制这一现象。重金属污染来源综合采用相关性分析和主成分分析方法进行判断,Pb、As、Cd、Cu具有极显著正相关性,总体而言信江底泥重金属的来源主要有两个方面,即农业生产活动、人为污染排放的复合影响和有色金属产业排放影响。本次研究结果可以为改善信江环境污染和居民安全用水问题提供理论参考。The Xinjiang River is one of the five major rivers in the Poyang Lake water system.It is of great significance to the humanistic economy and ecological environment of the Poyang Lake.Yingtan City,where it flows,is an important non-ferrous metal production base in China,so its heavy metal pollution has attracted much attention.In order to study the enrichment sources and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in Xinjiang sediments,18 sediment samples were collected in Xinjiang,Determine the pollution level,ecological risk status and pollution source of heavy metals As,Hg,Cu,Pb,Cd,Ni and Cr in the sediment of XIN River.The results showed that the average concentrations of Hg,Cd,Pb and Cu all exceeded the background value,among which Cd exceeded the background value by 52.76 times,indicating the highest pollution degree.The pollution on both sides of the Xinjiang River has the characteristics of“heavy in the south and light in the north”,which is attributed to the relatively complete development of the south bank and the greater human intervention.The ecological risk assessment adopts the method of correcting pollution degree,geological accumulation index and potential ecological risk index.The single factor risk coefficients are Cd and Cu.The pollution degree of other heavy metals is between unpolluted and slightly polluted,and the potential ecological risk is upstream>midstream>The downstream trend,the middle and upper reaches of the city are in a state of strong ecological risk due to human factors,and it is necessary to take emission restrictions and pollution restoration measures to suppress this phenomenon.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to comprehensively judge the sources of heavy metal pollution.Pb,As,Cd,and Cu had extremely significant positive correlations.The composite impact of anthropogenic pollution emissions and the impact of non-ferrous metal industry emissions.The results of this study can provide a theoretical reference for improving the environmental pollut

关 键 词：信江 底泥污染 重金属来源 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X753[环境科学与工程—环境工程]