三种化学药物灭杀洋湖国家湿地公园福寿螺的效果研究  

Effect of Three Kinds of Chemicals on Extermination of Pomacea canaliculata in Yanghu NationalWetland Park

作　　者：陈露露 李旭[1] 李波[1] 谢永宏[1] 张晟娟 钟家蓉 孙婷 CHEN Lulu;LI Xu;LI Bo;XIE Yonghong;ZHANG Shengjuan;ZHONG Jiarong;SUN Ting(Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agroecological Processes,Institute of Subtropical Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,Hunan,P.R.China;College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,P.R.China;Yanghu Wetland Development Management Company Limited,Changsha 410208,Hunan,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]洋湖湿地开发管理有限公司,湖南长沙410208

出　　处：《湿地科学》2023年第1期86-92,共7页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U21A2009);湖南省重点研发项目(2022NK2058)资助。

摘　　要：选用市面上常见的50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂、6%聚醛·甲萘威颗粒剂和45%三苯基乙酸锡可湿性粉剂,开展室内和野外福寿螺灭杀实验,研究3种药物对福寿螺的灭杀效果,筛选出相对安全的灭螺药物。研究结果表明,施用5种浓度的50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂和45%三苯基乙酸锡可湿性粉剂48 h后,福寿螺的死亡率几乎都达到100%,施药72 h后,3种药物都能灭杀86%以上的福寿螺,但是,50%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂和45%三苯基乙酸锡可湿性粉剂的毒性较大;有效浓度为1.8 mg/L的6%聚醛·甲萘威颗粒剂对福寿螺的触杀效果最好,也最稳定;在洋湖国家湿地公园静水区的浅水中,施用有效浓度为1.8 mg/L的6%聚醛·甲萘威颗粒剂,施药1 d后,福寿螺的平均死亡率为70.79%,施药3 d后,福寿螺的平均死亡率达到最大值,为95.54%,施药5 d后,福寿螺的平均死亡率仍能达到77.96%。6%聚醛·甲萘威颗粒剂是一种低毒、高效的药物,能有效抑制湖泊浅水中福寿螺的爆发。The 50%niclosamide ethanolamine(wettable powder),6%polyaldehydes carbaryl(granule)and 45%fentin acetate(wettable powder)were used respectively to conduct laboratory experiments and field experiments in the shallow water of Yanghu National Wetland Park on the killing of Pomacea canaliculata.The killing effect of 3 kinds of drugs were evaluated and relatively safe drug was selected.The results of laboratory experiments showed that after the application of 50%niclosamide ethanolamine and 45%fentin acetate with 5 different concentrations for 48 hours,the mortality rates of Pomacea canaliculata reached nearly 100%.However,the toxicity of these drugs on loach was higher than that of 6%polyaldehydes carbaryl.After 72 hours,the mortality rate of Pomacea canaliculata under the application of 6%polyaldehydes carbaryl reached over 86%.The 6%polyaldehydes carbaryl with 1.8 mg/L concentration has the best and most stable killing effect on Pomacea canaliculata.The field experiments were carried out in a still and shallow water area in Yanghu National Wetland Park.The average mortality rate of Pomacea canaliculata was 70.79%after the application of 1.8 mg/L 6%polyaldehydes carbaryl for 1 day.The average mortality rate of Pomacea canaliculata reached the maximum value of 95.54%after 3 days,and was 77.96%after 5 days.The results showed that the 6%polyaldehydes carbaryl(granule)was an efficient drug with low toxicity,which might effectively inhibit the outbreak of Pomacea canaliculata in shallow lakes.

关 键 词：福寿螺 化学药剂 药物浓度 聚醛·甲萘威 

分 类 号：TQ453[化学工程—农药化工] S966.282[农业科学—水产养殖]