通过榫卯结构策略实现非环状化合物的层状排布  

Achieving layered stacking within acyclic compounds through a tenon-and-mortise strategy

作　　者：田宝静 孙琦 丁宁 姜智一 李生华 庞思平 Baojing Tian;Qi Sun;Ning Ding;Zhiyi Jiang;Shenghua Li;Siping Pang(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Yangtz Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology,Jiaxing 314019,China;State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]School of Materials Science&Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China [2]Yangtz Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology,Jiaxing 314019,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2023年第4期1670-1674,共5页中国科学（材料科学（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875021 and 22075024);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M680391 and 2022T150047)。

摘　　要：层状堆积在材料和化学科学中具有重要意义,然而它通常只局限于环状骨架化合物中,如何突破此限制,在无环化合物中构建层状堆积是一个重要的挑战.在此,我们提出“榫卯策略”,通过氢键作用将作为“榫”的无环化合物和与其相匹配的“卯”相结合,形成一个平面的氢键环骨架,从而首次在无环化合物中实现层状堆积,该层状堆积通过二硝基脲的氨基胍盐(盐1)的单晶X射线衍射得以证明.与呈现出W型堆积的二硝基脲前体相比,合成的具有层状堆积的盐表现出明显更好的热稳定性、化学稳定性和机械稳定性.Layered stacking structures are ubiquitous in materials science and chemistry,especially in electrochemistry,luminescent materials,and organic semiconductors[1,2].For example,graphene is widely used to construct efficient electrode materials because the layered structure is more conducive to electron transport,thus improving the electrochemical performance[3,4].Among the organic semiconductors,(ethylenethio)(thiodimethylene)-tetrathiafulvalene(ETTDM-TTF)with layered stacking can ameliorate crystal defects and poor charge transport,which inevitably exist in common semiconductors with crossing stacking,thus exhibiting high charge mobility[5,6].Moreover,layered stacking is beneficial in energetic materials because it is not only conducive to the formation of strong intermolecular interactions(such as H-bonds),but also can effectively relieve external forces through slippage or compression,thereby enhancing stability of energetic materials[7–13].The most representative energetic compound with layered stacking is 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene(TATB,Fig.1a),which exhibits high thermal stability(onset decomposition temperature(Td):330℃)and excellent mechanical insensitivity(impact sensitivity(IS):40 J;friction sensitivity(FS):360 N)[7,12].In addition to TATB,3,3′-diamino-4,4′-azofurazan(DAAzF)showing layered stacking exhibits high thermal stability(Td:325℃)and good mechanical insensitivity(IS:40 J;FS:360 N)[14,15].

关 键 词：环状化合物 机械稳定性 榫卯结构 单晶X射线衍射 氨基胍 氢键作用 化学稳定性 策略实现 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]