不同矮化中间砧对嘎啦苹果树体生长发育及果实品质的影响  

Effects of Different Dwarfing Interstocks on Apple Growth,Fruit Quality and Yeild

作　　者：厉恩茂[1] 刘尚涛[1] 陈艳辉[1] 程存刚[1] 赵德英[1] 袁继存[1] LI Enmao;LIU Shangtao;CHEN Yanhui;CHENG Cungang;ZHAO Deying;YUAN Jicun(Research Institute of Pomology,CAAS/Key Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition and Fertilizers Efficient Utilization of Deciduous Fruit Tree/Key Laboratory of Fruit Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xingcheng 125100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所/辽宁省落叶果树矿质营养与肥料高效利用重点实验室/农业农村部园艺作物种质资源利用重点实验室,辽宁兴城125100

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2023年第1期67-70,共4页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP);国家苹果产业技术体系(CARS-27)。

摘　　要：对6种矮化中间砧(GM310、MAC9、SH1、SH6、SH38和SH40)嘎啦苹果树体生长和果实品质进行调查测定,比较各砧穗组合的树体生长势果实品质及产量差异。结果表明,不同中间砧嘎啦苹果的干截面积差异显著,MAC9、SH38和GM310组合树体更矮小,中短枝比例均高于SH6、SH40和SH1组合,树体高度差异不显著,不同中间砧对嘎啦苹果树体的矮化效果依次为:MAC9>SH38>GM310>SH6>SH40>SH1;SH6组合亲和性最好,SH6与SH38、SH40组合的比值差异不显著,GM310组合亲和性最差。GM310组合果实单果重显著高于其他组合,SH38组合果实固形物显著高于其他组合,SH6和SH38组合果实可滴定酸含量显著高于其他组合,不同矮化中间砧组合果树果实的维生素C含量和果肉硬度差异不显著。GM310组合及MAC9组合平均株产较高,可实现连年丰产。Gala apple trees grafted onto dwarfing interstocks(GM310,MAC9,SH1,SH6,SH38 and SH40)with uniform growth vigour were used as the experimental material,compared with effects of differents dwarfing interstocks on apple growth,fruit quality and yield.The results showed that cross-sectional area of Gala apple trees grafted onto dwarfing interstocks were significantly different.Compared with the combination of SH6,SH40 and SH1,the height of Gala apple trees grafted onto MAC9,SH38 and GM310 were shorter and the proportion of short branches were higher,but the height of Gala apple trees grafted onto dwarfing interstocks were not significant,the degree of dwarfing of the interstocks followed the order of MAC9>SH38>GM310>SH6>SH40>SH1.The grafting affinity of different dwarfing interstocks was significantly different,the grafting affinity of SH6 was the best,but the grafting affinity of SH6,SH38 and SH40 is not significant,and the grafting affinity of GM310 was the worst.The fruit weight grafted onto GM310 was significantly higher than other dwarfing interstocks,the Soluble solids contents grafted onto SH38was significantly higher than other dwarfing interstocks,the titratable acidity contents grafted onto SH6 and SH38was significantly higher than other dwarfing interstocks,the fruit firmness and vitamin C contents were not significant.The average yield grafted onto GM310 was higher,which can achieve high yields in successive years.

关 键 词：嘎啦苹果 矮化中间砧 树体特性 果实品质 产量 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]