乳外泌体的基本性质及其应用  

Basic Properties and Applications of Milk Exosomes

作　　者：郝东霞 田梦园 刘洋[1] 李星[1] 张媛[1] HAO Dong-xia;TIAN Meng-yuan;LIU Yang;LI Xing;ZHANG Yuan(Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry(Shaanxi Normal University),The Ministry of Education,National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China,College of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院、西北濒危药材资源开发国家工程实验室药用资源与天然药物化学教育部重点实验室,西安710119

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2023年第2期26-42,共17页China Biotechnology

基　　金：陕西省重点产业创新链(群)-社会发展领域(2021ZDLSF03-09)资助项目

摘　　要：乳外泌体是一种哺乳动物乳汁中广泛存在的细胞外囊泡,富含生物活性分子,可以将内容物转移到受体细胞。由于其潜在的药物口服递送潜力和良好的临床应用前景,近年来乳外泌体逐渐受到研究者的广泛关注。但是,从实验室到临床转化之间前仍存在一些问题,包括乳外泌体的产量、分离和纯化方法的异质性、装载效率等。从乳外泌体的组成结构、理化性质、分离纯化、装载药物和靶向递送等方面对目前的研究进行系统总结,并找出现有研究中的薄弱环节,为乳外泌体从实验阶段到临床治疗阶段的转化提供理论支持。Milk exosomes are ubiquitously extracellular vesicles in mammalian milk that are rich in bioactive molecules and transfer the contents to recipient cells.Due to their latent drug delivery potential and great clinical application prospects,milk exosomes have gradually attracted extensive attention of researchers in recent years.However,there are still some problems between the laboratory and clinical translation,including the yield of milk exosomes,heterogeneity of isolation,purification methods,and loading efficiency.This paper systematically summarizes the current research in terms of the composition,physicochemical properties,separation and purification,drug loading and targeted delivery of milk exosomes,and finds out the weak links in the existing research,so as to provide a theoretical support for the transformation from experimental stage to clinical treatment stage.

关 键 词：乳外泌体 药物递送载体 分离纯化技术 疾病治疗 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]