大视场全天时星敏感器光学系统设计  

Optical system design of all-time star sensor with large field-of-view

作　　者：张前程 钟胜[1,2] 吕劲松[3] 李显成 Zhang Qiancheng;Zhong Sheng;Lv Jinsong;Li Xiancheng(School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Multi-Spectral Information Processing,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Huazhong Institute of Electro-Optics-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学人工智能与自动化学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学多谱信息处理技术国家级重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [3]华中光电技术研究所-武汉光电国家研究中心,湖北武汉430223

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2023年第3期226-234,共9页Infrared and Laser Engineering

摘　　要：全天时星敏感器作为星敏感器的一个发展分支,在飞机、热气球等近空间载体定姿定位方面有较好的应用前景,是GPS拒止条件下的可用导航手段。大视场全天时星敏感器相较于小视场全天时星敏感器在高精度轻小型化定姿定位方面具有较大的优势,针对近空间高度大视场全天时测星对光学系统的需求,对光学系统工作波长的选取进行了分析,利用消色差和消热差设计,实现了一种能够适应高低温环境的大视场、大相对孔径的透射式光学系统,并对像质进行了分析评价。系统工作波长为0.9~1.7μm,F/#为1.4,焦距为70 mm,视场为18°,结构总长为105 mm。试验结果表明,该光学系统具有良好的像质,能够满足大视场星敏感器白天测星要求。Objective Star sensor realizes high-precision star vector measurement or inertial attitude measurement by observing stars,which has the characteristics of high accuracy,strong anti-interference and good concealment performance.Conventional star sensors are mainly used for visible light detection.Due to the influence of sky background radiation,the star detection function can only be realized at night or outside the atmosphere.In order to meet the needs of aircraft,hot air balloons and other near-space carriers to fix the attitude and positioning under all-weather conditions,and to solve the problem of all-time star measurement by star sensors at near-space heights of 6-20 km.Aiming at the problems of small and medium field of view star sensors under all-time conditions that require multiple star observation measurements,tracking axis error has a great impact on accuracy,and large volume and weight,an optical system for all-time star measurement with large field of view at near space heights is designed.Methods The star sensor with large field of view optical system can obtain the result of multiple star observations of the star sensor with small field,eliminating the complex tracking axis system,and has great advantages in the accuracy of star measurement,volume and weight,service life,maintainability,and reliability.When designing the optical system,it is necessary to consider the requirements of the star sensor for lightness,miniaturization and wide temperature.According to the working principle and detection ability of the star sensor,the working band of the optical system is analyzed through the atmospheric transmittance and sky background radiation at different heights.The aperture,focal length and field of view of the optical system were analyzed through the star band,number of stars,average number of detected stars,detection probability and detector characteristics,and the working band,F/#,focal length and field of the optical system was clarified.Utilizing achromatic and athermal design,N-LASF31,N-KZFS11/

关 键 词：光学设计 星敏感器 消热差 短波红外 

分 类 号：V249.323[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]