油气运移示踪应用及有效性分析——以准噶尔盆地白家海凸起侏罗系八道湾组油气为例  

Application and effectiveness analysis of the hydrocarbon-migration tracing:a case study of hydrocarbons from the Jurassic Badaowan Formationin of the Baijiahai high in the Junggar Basin, China

作　　者：乔锦琪 刘洛夫[1,2] 尚晓庆 李博一[1,2] QIAO Jin-qi;LIU Luo-fu;SHANG Xiao-qing;LI Bo-yi(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;Basin and Reservoir Research Center,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学(北京)盆地与油藏研究中心,北京102249 [3]西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院,西安710065

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2023年第1期107-121,共15页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42202154);中国石油大学(北京)自然科学基金资助项目(ZX20220074)。

摘　　要：在盆地地质环境稳定的条件下,油气在运聚过程中会形成“地质色层效应”,其物理、化学指标会发生规律性变化,可用来追踪油气的运移方向。通过对准噶尔盆地白家海凸起及周缘地区侏罗系八道湾组原油进行油源对比,在明确油气平面分布特征的基础上,利用地层水、原油物性及多种地球化学方法,对八道湾组油气运移特征进行研究,并对生物标志化合物、饱和烃碳同位素、饱和烃含量及红外光谱比示踪参数进行类比分析,明确各参数的准确性及适用条件。结果表明,白家海凸起西区的原油(Ⅰ类原油)主要由东道海子凹陷的二叠系烃源岩生成,主要的输导体系是东道海子断裂的垂向输导作用;东区及南部的阜康斜坡地区原油(Ⅱ类原油)主要由阜康凹陷的侏罗系煤系烃源岩生成,输导体系以白家海凸起斜坡的砂体输导作用为主。各种示踪参数中,以断层为主的输导层,原油黏度、密度和生物标志化合物示踪效果较好;以砂体为主的输导体系中,生物标志化合物、饱和烃碳同位素、原油黏度、原油密度及饱和烃含量均可以较好地指示油气运移方向。同时,地层水可以很好地指示断层的封闭性及地下砂体的连通性,而红外光谱比无论是在砂体还是断层输导体系中,其示踪效果都不理想。Under the stable geological condition of the basin, hydrocarbons(oil and gas) are affected by the “geological chromatography effect” in the processes of their migration and accumulation. Therefore, the regular variations of physical and chemical indicators of hydrocarbons can be used to track the migration direction of oil and gas. Based on the detailed comparative analysis of oil-source of crude oil from the Jurassic Badaowan Formation and the study of precise distribution characteristics of hydrocarbons in the Baijiahai High of the Junggar Basin, we have studied the migration characteristics of hydrocarbons in the Badaowan Formation and have made a comparative analysis of various tracing parameters, including biomarkers, carbon isotopes of saturated hydrocarbons, contents of saturated hydrocarbons, and infrared spectral ratios for clarifying accuracies and applicable conditions of those parameters, by comprehensively utilizing various geochemical methods for analyzing physical properties of the formation water and crude oil. The results show that one type of crude oil(Type I) mainly distributed in the western part of the Baijiahai High was primarily sourced from the Permian hydrocarbon source rocks in the Dongdaohaizi Sag through the main vertical conducting pathway system provided by the Dongdaohaizi faults. Another type of crude oil(Type II), distributed in the eastern part of the Baijiahai High and the Fukang Slope area which is located in southern part of the Baijiahai High, was mainly sourced from the hydrocarbon source rocks of the Jurassic coal-bearing stratum in the Fukang Sag through the pathway system dominated by the sand body with good connectivity in the Baijiahai High. In terms of the respective tracing parameters, the viscosity, density, and biomarker compounds have better tracing effects for the crude oil migrated mainly through the pathway system of faults whereas the biomarkers, carbon isotope of saturated hydrocarbon, viscosity and density of crude oil, and saturated hydrocarbon content c

关 键 词：油气示踪 八道湾组 白家海凸起 准噶尔盆地 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]