植物根内皮层的发育与功能研究进展  

Advances in the development and function of plant root endodermis

作　　者：徐黎 胡海琳 王晨璨 李晓旭 丁文静[1,2,3] 梅曼 赵媛媛 Li Xu;Hailin Hu;Chencan Wang;Xiaoxu Li;Wenjing Ding;Man Mei;Yuanyuan Zhao(College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Tree and Genome Editing,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学树木与基因编辑研究院,北京100083 [3]北京林业大学林木育种与生态修复国家工程研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《科学通报》2023年第8期901-914,共14页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870571);中日合作项目(G20221090007L)资助。

摘　　要：根是植物进行水分和矿质营养吸收的重要器官.水分和矿质离子进入根的表皮,径向穿过外皮层、皮层、内皮层等结构到达中柱,在木质部中通过蒸腾作用向上运输,满足地上部分的需要.其中,内皮层结构是包围中央维管系统的最内层皮层细胞,仅由单层细胞构成,主要经历两个特殊的分化阶段,分别形成凯氏带和木栓质片层两种屏障结构,在控制植物水分吸收、营养摄取、抵御病原体入侵,以及响应胁迫环境等过程中发挥重要作用.本文就内皮层的发育、凯氏带和木栓质片层的结构与形成调控机制、内皮层在胁迫条件下的可塑性等方面进行综述,对内皮层参与植物响应非生物胁迫的研究进展展开讨论,并对未来的研究方向加以展望,为培育抗逆新物种提供了新思路.Root,an important underground vegetative organ of plants,plays diversified roles in plant lifecycle,including fixation and support,absorption and transportation,storage and reproduction.In meristem zone of root tip,the apical meristem is continuously divided to produce new cells,promoting the growth of root tip.Mature tissues formed through primary growth constituted the primary structure of plant roots.Water and mineral ions entered the epidermis of root,passed through the outer cortex,cortex,and endodermis in a radial direction,and reached the middle column,and were transported upward in xylem through transpiration,so as to meet the needs of aboveground part.The endodermis lies the innermost cortex surrounding the central vascular tissue system,as is constructed by only monolayer cells Endodermis is a cylindrical boundary separating the central vascular tissue from the outer cortex,and is an extracellular barrier for plant selective nutrient absorption.There were mainly two stages in differentiation of endodermis,of which in differentiation stage I,lignin was continuously deposited on lateral and radial walls of endodermis cells near the root tip,forming Casparian strips.The nature of Casparian strips was a local modification on the primary wall of endodermal layer,which was formed by the lignin polymer“impregnate”the primary wall.The complete Casparian strips show a continuous belt thickening structure,which blocked the apoplast transport pathway,prevented the diffusion of solutes between cell walls,and forced solutes to transport through the plasma membrane.In differentiation stage II,and based on the Casparian strips,hydrophobic suberin was deposited on six cell walls of endodermal cells,forming suberin lamellae structure,which inhibited the transmembrane transport of substances and was a protective barrier structure.Development of Casparian strips and suberin lamellae structure are regulated by their own growth and development mechanism and closely regulated by external environmental factors.The structu

关 键 词：内皮层 凯氏带 木栓质片层 离子稳态 表型可塑性 非生物胁迫 

分 类 号：Q945.4[生物学—植物学]