小型喷雾冷却装置两相区传热特性模拟及优化  

Numerical Simulation and Optimization on Two-Phase Heat Transfer Characteristics of Small Spray Cooling Device

作　　者：潘艳秋[1] 杜宇杰 俞路[1] Pan Yanqiu;Du Yujie;Yu Lu(School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工学院,大连116024

出　　处：《天津大学学报（自然科学与工程技术版）》2023年第6期564-572,共9页Journal of Tianjin University：Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61705230).

摘　　要：喷雾冷却技术应用于小型固体激光器等高功率设备时,对其操作参数优化是提高系统传热能力、提升设备运行稳定性的有效手段.针对某小型喷雾冷却装置开发的需要,基于计算流体力学(CFD)开展模拟研究,采用欧拉-拉格朗日方法,设计开发了喷雾冷却系统数理模型,模拟结果与实验结果的最大相对误差为4.3%,证明了模型的可靠性.通过单因素模拟研究操作参数对系统传热性能的影响,结果表明:热流密度为223.98 W/cm^(2)时,降低工质温度、增大工质流量与喷射速度、降低环境温度均可提升系统的传热性能;其中工质温度、工质流量与喷射速度对喷雾冷却两相区传热过程影响明显,环境温度则影响较小;不同操作参数下热沉表面温度均呈现中心温度低并沿径向逐渐升高的特征.在单因素模拟基础上,通过正交模拟试验方法对操作参数进行整体优化,确定各因素显著程度.结果表明:热流密度一定时,以热沉表面平均温度为指标,操作参数对系统传热性能影响显著度排序为工质流量>喷射速度>工质温度;基于喷雾冷却装置设想,优化出的实验系统操作参数推荐值为工质流量46.88 L/h、喷射速度23.4 m/s、工质温度8℃.建立的模型可有效预测喷雾系统在两相区的传热特性,对喷雾冷却两相区的模拟有良好的推广应用价值,可对小型喷雾冷却装置的设计提供理论依据.Optimizing the operating parameters of spray cooling technology is an efficient method for improving the heat transfer efficiency in the cooling process of high-power devices(e.g.,small solid laser)employing this technology and for increasing the operational stability of these devices.Using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method,a study was conducted on the two-phase region of a small spray cooling system in an effort to aid the devel-opment and optimization of the system.A mathematical model of heat transfer for the system was designed using the Euler-Lagrange method.The maximum relative error of 4.3%between simulation and experimental results showed the reliability of the model.A single-factor simulation was employed to analyze the influence of operating parameters on the heat transfer performance.The results of this simulation showed that when the heat-flux density was 223.98 W/cm^(2),the heat transfer performance of the system was enhanced by increasing the spray flow rate and jet velocity,decreasing the temperature of the working fluid and the ambient temperature,respectively.Working fluid temperature,flow rate,and jet velocity had obvious effects on the heat transfer process in the two-phase region of the spray cooling system,significantly more than the ambient temperature.The central temperature of the heat sink surface was low and gradually increased in the radial direction under different operating parameters.In order to determine the significance degree of factors,on the basis of singlefactor simulation,the orthogonal simulation was performed to optimize the operating parameters by using the average surface temperature of the heat sink as an index.The simulation results demonstrated that the order of significance of the parameters on heat transfer performance could be sum-marized as spray flow rate,jet velocity and working fluid temperature.When the heat flux density was constant,a combination of operating parameters for the spray cooling experimental system was spray flow rate of 46.88 L/h,jet vel

关 键 词：喷雾冷却 两相区传热 数值模拟 正交试验 装置优化 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]