进口锯材溴甲烷熏蒸穿透规律初探  

A Probe into Fumigation Penetration Rule of Methyl Bromide in Sawn Timber

作　　者：李玉广 张淼 康芬芬 李志红 刘勇 LI Yu-Guang;ZHANG Miao;KANG Fen-Fen;LI Zhi-Hong;LIU Yong(Research Center of International Inspection and Quarantine Standards and Technical Regulations,General Administration of Customs,Beijing 100193;College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Tianjin Customs Animal,Plant and Food stuffs Inspection Center,Tianjin 300457)

机构地区：[1]海关总署国际检验检疫标准与技术法规研究中心,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京100193 [3]天津海关动植物与食品检测中心,天津300457

出　　处：《中国口岸科学技术》2023年第2期45-50,共6页China Port Science and Technology

基　　金：海关总署科研项目(2020HK172)。

摘　　要：溴甲烷(Methyl bromide)熏蒸是木材进出境检疫处理最常用的技术。前人的研究大多针对木材传带有害生物的杀灭效果,而对熏蒸剂在木材内部的穿透特性研究却鲜有报道。本研究以加拿大铁杉锯材为试验对象,初步探索了溴甲烷在其中的穿透规律,研究结果表明,因溴甲烷穿透能力有限,投药48 g/m3,熏蒸48 h,熏蒸空间与木材内部的溴甲烷浓度始终不能达到平衡;各检测点位浓度随着与端面的距离延长而减小,溴甲烷沿木材径向的穿透速率远高于横向,靠近端部5 cm检测孔内的溴甲烷浓度增加最快,随着检测孔离端部的距离增加,浓度不断减小,这也表明了溴甲烷熏蒸穿透主要依靠两个端面。本研究为口岸进境大宗原木的熏蒸处理效果评估提供了技术参考。Methyl bromide fumigation is the most commonly used technique for wood entry and exit quarantine treatment. Most of the previous researches focused on the killing effect of pest transmitted by wood, but there were few studies on the penetration characteristics of fumigants in wood. This paper took Canadian hemlock lumber as the test object, and preliminarily explored the penetration rules of methyl bromide in it. The research results showed that: due to the limited penetrating ability of methyl bromide,the concentration of methyl bromide in the fumigation space and the interior of the wood cannot always reach equilibrium with the dosage of 48 g/m3 and the fumigation for 48 h;the concentration in each detection port decreased with the distance from the end.The penetration rate of methyl bromide in the radial direction of the wood was much higher than that in the transverse direction. The concentration of bromomethane in the detection hole 5 cm near the end increased the fastest, and the concentration decreased with the increase of the distance from the detection hole to the end, which also indicated that bromomethane fumigation penetration mainly depended on two end faces. This study provided a technical reference for the evaluation of fumigation treatment effect of bulk logs entering port.

关 键 词：锯材 溴甲烷 熏蒸处理 穿透规律 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]